Cocaine-Exposed Children & Event Related Potential Studies of Neurocognition

接触可卡因的儿童

• 批准号: 7418337
• 负责人: LINDA Carol MAYES
• 金额: $ 25.41万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7418337
• 关键词: 9 year old; Address; Affect; Age; Architecture; Arousal; Attention; Birth; Brain; Brain region; Cell Proliferation; Child; Cocaine; Cognitive; Collaborations; Color; Computer information processing; Data; Development; Diffuse; Disruption; EP300 gene; Electrodes; Emotional; Event-Related Potentials; Evoked Potentials; Exposure to; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Goals; Growth; Human Resources; Impairment; Impulsivity; Ink; Investigation; Laboratories; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Marijuana; Memory; Methodology; Methods; Names; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neurons; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Population; Pre-Clinical Model; Printing; Process; Regulation; Research; Response to stimulus physiology; Sampling; Scalp structure; School-Age Population; Series; Site; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Training; Universities; Variant; Visit; Visuospatial; alcohol exposure; base; brain cell; cognitive function; cohort; executive function; follow-up; indexing; member; migration; neuroimaging; novel; prenatal exposure; research facility; research study; response; symposium; visual-motor integration; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Because of cocaine's effect on developing monoaminergic systems, prenatal cocaine-exposure may interfere with the developmental ontogeny of children's abilities to regulate states of arousal and attention, thereby altering the development of prefrontal cortical executive functions. The present proposal seeks to extend promising preliminary findings regarding cortical functioning in prenatally cocaine exposed school-aged children participating in event related potential (ERP) studies. Subjects participating in these preliminary studies are members of cohort of 369 children followed longitudinally since birth (RO1 DA-06025) with biyeady visits in which we have described a continuum of developmental impairment among prenatally cocaine-exposed children that includes emotional liability, impaired visuospatial processing and visual motor integration, impulsivity and difficulty inhibiting prepotent responses. The cohort is currently participating in an ongoing 7 to 11 year follow-up with repeated assessments of, among other domains, attention regulation and aspects of executive functioning. In the preliminary ERP studies that are the basis of the present proposal, 29 prenatally prenatally cocaine-exposed and non-cocaine-exposed 7 to 9 year old children responded to a standard Stroop paradigm and a familiarization paradigm. Effects across both experiments were noted in the region of the initial positive peak (P1), the following large negative peak (N1) and the later positive peak (P2). In the Stroop paradigm, cocaine exposed children generated longer latency and prolonged ERP components while the control children produced faster and briefer responses. In the familiarization paradigm, results suggest that cocaine exposed children utilize more cortex to discriminate between repeated presentations of the same stimuli compared to non-cocaine exposed children. Taken together, these findings indicate that early exposure to cocaine may inhibit the specialization and streamlining of brain region involvement during cognitive processing such that task processing is slower to begin, requires more diverse cortical involvement, and requires more time to complete. Based on these findings, we propose to use ERP methods to assess with repeated visits at 11,12, & 13 years the 369 children participating in our longitudinal cohort using three stimulus response experiments, the Stroop, a familiar-novel words paradigm, and a P300 traditional "odd-ball" paradigm. Research utilizing ERP methodology in children has demonstrated its potential in studying frontal maturation, and thus it may provide additional information necessary for clarifying the general and specific effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on cortical functioning and the developmental course of cognitive functions. Such information may then lead to better definition and treatment of these developmental problems.

描述（由申请人提供）： 由于可卡因对单胺能系统发育的影响，产前可卡因暴露可能会干扰儿童调节唤醒和注意力状态的能力的发育个体发生，从而改变前额叶皮层执行功能的发育。目前的建议旨在扩大有前途的初步调查结果皮质功能在产前可卡因暴露学龄儿童参与事件相关电位（ERP）的研究。参与这些初步研究的受试者是自出生以来纵向随访的369名儿童队列（RO 1 DA-06025）的成员，两年一次的随访中，我们描述了产前可卡因暴露儿童的连续发育障碍，包括情绪倾向，视觉空间处理和视觉运动整合受损，冲动和难以抑制优势反应。该队列目前正在参与一项持续7至11年的随访，其中包括对注意力调节和执行功能方面的重复评估。在初步的ERP研究，本建议的基础上，29产前产前可卡因暴露和非可卡因暴露的7至9岁的儿童作出反应的标准Stroop范式和熟悉的范式。在初始正峰（P1）、随后的大负峰（N1）和随后的正峰（P2）区域中观察到两个实验的效应。在Stroop范式中，可卡因暴露的儿童产生更长的潜伏期和延长的ERP组件，而控制儿童产生更快，更短的反应。在熟悉的范例，结果表明，可卡因暴露的儿童利用更多的皮层来区分重复呈现相同的刺激相比，非可卡因暴露的儿童。综上所述，这些发现表明，早期暴露于可卡因可能会抑制在认知处理过程中大脑区域参与的专门化和精简化，使得任务处理开始较慢，需要更多样化的皮质参与，并需要更多的时间来完成。在此基础上，我们采用事件相关电位（ERP）方法，对369名11岁、12岁和13岁的儿童进行了3个刺激反应实验，即Stroop实验、熟悉-新奇词实验和P300传统“怪球”实验。利用ERP方法在儿童中的研究已经证明了其在研究额叶成熟方面的潜力，因此它可以为澄清产前可卡因暴露对皮质功能和认知功能发育过程的一般和具体影响提供额外的必要信息。这些信息可能会导致更好地定义和治疗这些发展问题。