A NOVEL ANALOGUE BIO-IMPEDANCE SYSTEM-ON-A-CHIP FOR MONITORING OF NEONATE LUNG FUNCTION

用于监测新生儿肺功能的新型模拟生物阻抗片上系统

• 批准号: EP/E031633/1
• 负责人: Richard Bayford
• 金额: $ 22.44万
• 依托单位: Middlesex University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE031633%2F1
• 关键词: NOVEL; ANALOGUE; BIO; IMPEDANCE; SYSTEM

This research proposes the development of an urgently needed Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)-based bio-imaging system for in-vivo monitoring of neonate lung function in Intensive care Units (ITUs). Disorders of lung growth, maturation and breathing control are among the most important problems faced by the neonatologist. Premature birth occurs in 5-10% of all pregnancies, and is frequently accompanied by complications due to lung immaturity. The annual cost to the NHS is estimated in the order of hundreds of millions. One of the key difficulties of neonate ITU monitoring for lung function is that the system must measure the subject in a passive manner, unlike adults who can be asked to perform specific respiratory tasks. EIT is the only solution to this problem. Moreover, EIT is proving to be successful in many clinical applications, an example is the new commercial TSCAN system for detection of breast cancer.The proposed system will provide a non-invasive measure of lung maturity and development, oxygen requirements and lung function, suitable for use in small, unsedated infants. This tool will be routinely used to define the nature and severity of persisting lung disease, and to identify risk factors for developing chronic lung problems. Major limitations of EIT are the inherent common mode errors which result in reduction of the quality of the reconstructed images. These errors are more pronounced in the case of multi-frequency EIT. We have invented a method to address the problem by the use of a novel wideband analogue common-mode enhancement technique which can maximise the overall common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To take full advantage of the capabilities of our wideband CMRR feedback approach, we will use full custom circuit design techniques to create a novel multi-frequency EIT system-on-a-silicon-chip. We have also developed advanced reconstruction methods involving new mesh warping techniques that utilise the boundary information to condition the forward model, taking into account the anatomical details of the problem domain. The end result of this research will be new technology in the form of a wearable device which will minimise disruption when monitoring neonates. This will involve the design of custom made silicon chips, an integrated wearable electrode system, new 3D image reconstruction algorithms and advanced post image processing methodologies. This research will be carried out with the full clinical support of the Portex Anaesthesia, Intensive Therapy and Respiratory Medicine Unit at the world leading children's Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London.

本研究建议开发一种迫切需要的基于电阻抗断层扫描(EIT)的生物成像系统，用于在体监测重症监护病房(UTU)中的新生儿肺功能。肺生长、成熟和呼吸控制障碍是新生儿医生面临的最重要的问题之一。早产发生在所有妊娠的5%-10%，并经常伴随着由于肺不成熟而引起的并发症。据估计，NHS每年的成本约为数亿美元。ITU监测新生儿肺功能的关键困难之一是，该系统必须以被动的方式测量受试者，而不像成年人那样被要求执行特定的呼吸任务。EIT是解决这一问题的唯一办法。此外，EIT在许多临床应用中都被证明是成功的，例如用于检测乳腺癌的新的商用TSCAN系统。该系统将提供一种非侵入性测量肺成熟和发育、氧气需求和肺功能的方法，适合于未服用镇静剂的小婴儿使用。这一工具将被常规用于确定持续性肺部疾病的性质和严重程度，并确定发生慢性肺部问题的风险因素。EIT的主要局限性是固有的共模误差，这会导致重建图像的质量降低。在多频率EIT的情况下，这些误差更加明显。我们发明了一种方法来解决这个问题，它使用了一种新的宽带模拟共模增强技术，可以最大化总的共模抑制比(CMRR)和信噪比(SNR)。为了充分利用我们宽带共模抑制比反馈方法的能力，我们将使用完全定制的电路设计技术来创建一种新颖的多频率EIT系统-硅片上系统。我们还开发了先进的重建方法，涉及新的网格扭曲技术，利用边界信息来调节正演模型，考虑到问题域的解剖细节。这项研究的最终结果将是一种可穿戴设备形式的新技术，这种设备将在监测新生儿时将干扰降至最低。这将涉及定制硅芯片、集成可穿戴电极系统、新的3D图像重建算法和先进的后期图像处理方法的设计。这项研究将在伦敦大奥蒙德街世界领先的儿童医院Portex麻醉、重症治疗和呼吸医学部的全面临床支持下进行。