Drug Involvement of Prenatally Exposed Children

描述（由申请人提供）： 候选人提出了一项五年职业发展计划，以启动关于产前药物暴露这一主题的独立研究，作为在药物参与阶段（例如机会、首次使用、经常使用和依赖）中较早发病和更快进展的危险因素，同时适当考虑易感性特征和其他生物、心理和社会/环境影响。凭借儿童临床心理学执照和药物依赖流行病学博士后培训，候选人为该奖项带来了儿童和青少年发展和精神病理学方面的专业知识、指导和指导她的研究工作的丰富临床经验、基本统计方法的知识以及对早期药物参与研究的坚定承诺。多学科培训计划包括 Clyde McCoy 博士和 NIDA 支持的其他经验丰富的高级研究人员的指导、课程/研讨会、会议以及内容和方法专家的咨询。早期奖励支持活动的核心将是一个监督研究项目，重点关注产前接触可卡因对吸毒最早阶段的影响。该研究计划这一阶段的起始模型基于可测试的想法，即接触可卡因的儿童将有更早、更频繁的吸毒机会，并且在童年后期和青春期中期从机会到首次吸毒的转变会更快。为此，候选人除了分析 NIDA 资助的一项正在进行的纵向研究（R01DA06556；主要负责人：E.S. Bandstra，共同发起人）的数据外，还将收集新的年度数据，该研究涉及可卡因暴露婴儿的神经发育结果，这些婴儿将在 12 岁时再次接受评估。产前可卡因暴露与早期吸毒之间的关系将在出生至 12 岁之间测量的潜在中介因素（例如执行功能/注意力、行为问题）、调节因素（例如性别）和其他影响因素（例如不正常的同龄人、持续的母亲吸毒）的背景下进行检查。候选人自己的计划要求在 12 年的访问期间增加吸毒机会和感觉寻求的措施，并随着孩子在青春期的发育，每年通过电话对这些结构进行后续评估。该 K01 奖项将使候选人能够全身心投入 NIDA 研究，同时拓宽她对儿童和青少年药物参与和纵向研究方法（xxx；PI：J.C. Anthony，共同发起人）和其他内容领域的理解，以了解早期敏感性、环境因素和可能影响产前药物暴露表达的时间依赖性影响之间的相互作用。这种增强的知识将成为候选人规划和实施其药物研究独立职业生涯的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The candidate is proposing a five-year career development plan to launch independent research on the topic of prenatal drug exposure as a risk factor for earlier onset and more rapid progression through stages of drug involvement (e.g., opportunity, first use, regular use, and dependence), with due consideration for susceptibility traits and other biological, psychological, and social/environmental influences. With licensure in child clinical psychology and postdoctoral training in drug dependence epidemiology, the candidate brings to this award expertise in child and adolescent development and psychopathology, rich clinical experiences to guide and inform her research efforts, knowledge of basic statistical methods, and a strong commitment to the study of early drug involvement. The multidisciplinary training plan includes mentorship from Dr. Clyde McCoy and other experienced senior NIDA-supported investigators, coursework/workshops, conferences, and consultation from content and methodological specialists. The centerpiece of the early award-supported activities will be a supervised research project focusing on the influence of prenatal cocaine exposure on the earliest stages of drug involvement. The starting model at this stage of the research plan is based on the testable idea that cocaine-exposed children will have earlier and more frequent opportunities to use drugs and will transition more rapidly from opportunity to first use between late childhood and middle adolescence. To this end, the candidate will gather new annual data in addition to analyzing data from an ongoing, longitudinal NIDA-funded study (R01DA06556; P.I.: E.S. Bandstra, co-sponsor) on the neurodevelopmental outcome of cocaine-exposed infants, who will again be assessed at age 12 years. Relationships between prenatal cocaine exposure and early drug involvement will be examined in the context of potential mediators already measured between birth and age 12 (e.g., executive functioning/attention, behavior problems), moderators (e.g., gender), and additional influences (e.g., deviant peers, ongoing maternal drug use). The candidate's own plan calls for the addition of measures of drug opportunities and sensation seeking during the 12-year visit, with annual follow-up assessments of these constructs via telephone as the children develop through adolescence. This K01 award will enable the candidate to devote full-time effort to NIDA research, while broadening her understanding of child and adolescent drug involvement and the longitudinal research methods (xxx; P.I.: J. C. Anthony, co-sponsor) and other content areas required to understand the interplay of early susceptibilities, environmental factors, and time-dependent influences that might shape the expression of prenatal drug exposure. This enhanced knowledge will be the foundation for the candidate's planning and implementation of her independent career in drug research.