Memory Mood & Aging

记忆情绪

• 批准号: 7372738
• 负责人: Thomas M Hess
• 金额: $ 17.47万
• 依托单位: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7372738
• 关键词: Accounting; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Area; Belief; Categories; Chronic; Cognitive; Computer information processing; Development; Disease; Distal; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Goals; Health; Heart Research; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Link; Maintenance; Memory; Mental Health; Modification; Monitor; Moods; Motivation; Nature; Numbers; Operative Surgical Procedures; Perception; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Process; Rate; Relative (related person); Research; Resources; Role; Services; Severities; Societies; Specificity; Stereotyping; Structure; Testing; Thinking; Variant; age difference; age related; attenuation; base; cognitive function; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; improved; insight; interest; mood regulation; negative mood; neuron loss; positive mood; processing speed; psychologic; response; skills; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As the number of older adults increases, it is imperative that research be undertaken that will enhance our understanding of normative age-related variations in cognitive skills that underlie one's ability to function independently in everyday life. One of the most important skills in this area, and perhaps the one most often associated with aging-related decline, is memory. Memory skills do appear to suffer in later life, with this decrement typically attributed to neuronal loss in associated cortical structures. There is also evidence, however, that factors unrelated to cognitive ability or neuronal loss may influence memory and account for age-related variation in performance. For example, research has shown that negative stereotypes of aging may undermine older adults' memory performance in some test situations. There is also evidence of adaptive functioning in later life as older adults become more selective in how they use their memory in an attempt to conserve limited cognitive resources. The proposed research will explore these adaptive aspects of memory functioning in old age, with a particular focus on the role of mood on memory functioning. Being in a positive or negative mood has been shown to affect the cognitive operations used in a given situation. There is also evidence that different moods will have different levels of functionality across situations. Thus, one's ability to understand the impact of mood on functioning and to regulate mood in a manner consistent with situational demands may be an important predictor of adaptive functioning. There is some evidence that dominant mood states change with age, and that the ability to regulate moods also improves in later life. There is also evidence, however, that the ability to regulate mood may be determined in part by executive cognitive functions which decline with age. The goal of the proposed research is to examine the role of mood in determining age differences in memory performance, and the extent to which normative age-related variation in mood, the ability to regulate mood, and executive functions affects one's ability to use memory. Memory is an important aspect of psychological functioning in later life, with one's general ability as well as beliefs and perceptions about ability being associated with well-being and other aspects of mental health. An understanding of the affective factors influencing memory is necessary for gaining a more complete understanding of the nature of aging-related change in this important everyday skill. In addition, the examination of a particular aspect of functioning (i.e., mood regulation) that is maintained with age and that is associated with memory may give insight to factors associated with independent functioning in later life.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着老年人数量的增加，必须进行研究，以增强我们对认知技能中与年龄相关的规范变化的理解，而认知技能是一个人在日常生活中独立运作的能力的基础。这一领域最重要的技能之一，也许也是最常与衰老相关的衰退相关的技能是记忆力。记忆能力似乎确实会在以后的生活中受到影响，这种下降通常归因于相关皮质结构中的神经元损失。然而，也有证据表明，与认知能力或神经元损失无关的因素可能会影响记忆力并解释与年龄相关的表现变化。例如，研究表明，在某些测试情况下，对衰老的负面刻板印象可能会损害老年人的记忆表现。还有证据表明，随着老年人在使用记忆的方式上变得更有选择性，以试图保存有限的认知资源，晚年的适应性功能就会发挥作用。拟议的研究将探讨老年记忆功能的这些适应性方面，特别关注情绪对记忆功能的作用。研究表明，积极或消极的情绪会影响特定情况下的认知操作。还有证据表明，不同的情绪在不同的情况下会有不同的功能水平。因此，一个人理解情绪对功能的影响并以符合情境需求的方式调节情绪的能力可能是适应性功能的重要预测因素。有一些证据表明，主导情绪状态会随着年龄的增长而变化，并且调节情绪的能力也会在以后的生活中得到改善。然而，也有证据表明，调节情绪的能力可能部分取决于执行认知功能，而执行认知功能会随着年龄的增长而下降。本研究的目的是探讨情绪在决定记忆表现年龄差异方面的作用，以及情绪中与年龄相关的规范变化、情绪调节能力和执行功能在多大程度上影响一个人使用记忆的能力。记忆是晚年心理功能的一个重要方面，一个人的一般能力以及对能力的信念和看法与幸福感和心理健康的其他方面相关。为了更全面地了解这一重要日常技能中与衰老相关的变化的本质，有必要了解影响记忆的情感因素。此外，对随着年龄的增长而维持且与记忆相关的特定功能（即情绪调节）的检查可能会深入了解与晚年独立功能相关的因素。