Electrophysiological studies of attention in trauma survivors

创伤幸存者注意力的电生理研究

• 批准号: 7516192
• 负责人: MATTHEW O KIMBLE
• 金额: $ 18.68万
• 依托单位: MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2011-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7516192
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Americas; Attention; Attention Concentration; Behavioral; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Cognitive; Communities; Contingent Negative Variation; Cues; DSM-IV; Diagnostic; Disease; Disruption; Dissociation; EP300 gene; Empirical Research; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Goals; Grant; Individual; Lead; Learning; Life; Literature; Measures; Methods; Nature; Neuropsychological Tests; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Peripheral; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Process; Psychological Impact; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Reaction; Reaction Time; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Resources; Role; Sensory Process; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Survivors; Techniques; Testing; Trauma; Vermont; Woman; Work; base; distraction; experience; functional disability; innovation; member; men; neurophysiology; neuropsychological; novel; psychologic; stimulus processing; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The impact of psychological trauma on the population is significant. Research suggests that as many as 60.7% of men and 51.2% of women in America have been exposed to at least one extreme stressor or traumatizing event during the course of their lives. For those that develop chronic reactions to the traumatic events the impact is considerable. Among those concerns are difficulties with attention. The scope of reported attentional problems are quite broad and can include both increased attention to potentially threatening cues in the environment, difficulty sustaining attention on target tasks, or disruption in usually integrated attentional processes. These different attentional problems have been roughly captured in the DSM-IV criteria as "hypervigilance", "difficulty concentrating", and "dissociation". In this proposal with intend to use event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the neurophysiological correlates of attentional difficulties in traumatized individuals. Study Design: This study will occur over a three year period and will involve the participation of 80 members of the Vermont community with a history of trauma. All participants will undergo a thorough diagnostic evaluation to assess the extent of trauma and current psychopathology. The diagnostic evaluation will be followed by the psychophysiological evaluation which will take a multi-method approach to evaluate stimulus processing and utilize self-report measures, peripheral psychophysiological measures (HR and SC), and ERPs. Two ERP paradigms, (the novelty P300 and the contingent negative variation) that are particularly sensitive to attentional processes will be used to assess the neurophysiological correlates of attention. Objective: The overall objective of this proposal is take an innovative approach to investigate three factors that work from our lab has demonstrated are likely to be associated with attentional disturbances post-trauma; dissociation, potential threat, and distractibility. These factors have largely been ignored in the literature with respect to using psychophysiological approaches to understand attention in trauma survivors. Psychophysiological support for their role in the attentional processes post trauma would have significant clinical and scientific relevance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Difficulties with attention and concentration are common among individuals who have experienced psychological trauma. This study will utilize psychophysiological techniques to investigate the factors associated with attentional disturbances in this population. Results of the study will have relevance to both the clinical treatment and scientific understanding of attentional difficulties in individuals with trauma related disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：心理创伤对人口的影响是显著的。研究表明，在美国，多达60.7%的男性和51.2%的女性在他们的一生中至少经历过一次极端压力源或创伤性事件。对于那些对创伤性事件产生慢性反应的人来说，影响是相当大的。这些担忧之一是难以集中注意力。报告的注意力问题的范围相当广泛，可以包括对环境中潜在威胁线索的注意力增加，在目标任务上保持注意力的困难，或者通常整合的注意力过程的中断。这些不同的注意力问题在DSM-IV的标准中大致被描述为“过度警觉”、“注意力难以集中”和“分离”。本研究拟利用事件相关电位（event- correlation potential, ERPs）研究创伤个体注意困难的神经生理相关。研究设计：这项研究将进行三年，将涉及佛蒙特州社区有创伤史的80名成员的参与。所有参与者将接受彻底的诊断评估，以评估创伤程度和当前的精神病理。诊断性评估之后将进行心理生理评估，该评估将采用多方法评估刺激处理，并利用自我报告测量、外周心理生理测量（HR和SC）和erp。对注意过程特别敏感的两种ERP范式（新颖性P300和偶然负变异）将被用于评估注意的神经生理相关性。目的：本提案的总体目标是采用一种创新的方法来研究我们实验室的工作已经证明可能与创伤后注意力障碍相关的三个因素；分离，潜在威胁和分心。在使用心理生理学方法来理解创伤幸存者的注意力方面，这些因素在很大程度上被忽略了。心理生理学支持他们在创伤后注意过程中的作用将具有重要的临床和科学意义。公共卫生相关性：注意力和注意力集中困难在经历过心理创伤的个体中很常见。本研究将利用心理生理学技术来调查与这一人群的注意力障碍相关的因素。该研究结果将对创伤相关障碍患者的临床治疗和对其注意力困难的科学理解具有重要意义。