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Quantum-Degenerate Gases for Precision Measurements (QuDeGPM)

用于精密测量的量子简并气体 (QuDeGPM)

基本信息

批准号：
EP/G026602/1
负责人：
Simon Cornish
金额：
$ 22.35万
依托单位：
Durham University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG026602%2F1
关键词：
Quantum Degenerate Gases Precision Measurements

项目摘要

Atom interference has been applied in many pioneering experiments ranging from fundamental studies to precision measurements. The techniques of laser cooling and trapping have allowed the realization of bright sources of macroscopic matter waves. This project is part of a EUROCORES Collaborative Research Project (within the EuroQUASAR programme coordinated by ESF) whose goal is to build upon this expertise and use interference of quantum degenerate macroscopic matter waves for a new generation of precision measurements. Two sets of applications are envisioned: (1) Precision determination of fundamental constants and inertial forces in free space, and (2) Interferometers for trapped atoms close to the surface as a microscope for highly sensitive measurements of surface forces on the micron length scale. To achieve the ultimate sensitivity we will engineer the interactions between the atoms and create non-classical matter-wave quantum states to beat the standard quantum measurement limit. Ultracold degenerate quantum gases with their inherent coherence and narrow spread in space and momentum promise to be the ideal starting point for precision matter wave interference experiments, similar to lasers for light optics. In contrast to light, atoms interact with each other, and the physics of degenerate quantum gases is in many cases dominated by these interactions. This can be an advantage, allowing tricks from non-linear optics like squeezing to boost sensitivity, and a disadvantage, resulting in additional dephasing due to uncontrolled collisional phase shifts. We will exploit recent advances in controlling these interactions by Feshbach resonances to pick out the advantages and to suppress the disadvantages caused by the interactions. Much of the planned work will be very fundamental and exploratory as many of the capabilities together with possible limitations have yet to be investigated.The collaborative research project entitled Quantum-Degenerate Gases for Precision Measurement (QuDeGPM) focuses European efforts on precision measurements with quantum degenerate gases and in particular with Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). The project is organized along the main objectives of (i) performing precision atom interferometry with quantum degenerate gases, (ii) using quantum degenerate gases for precision surface probing, and (iii) exploring, realizing, and testing novel measurement schemes with non-classical matter wave states. The project in Durham focuses on the use of matter-waves with tunable interactions to probe atom surface interactions. Specifically two experimental thrusts are planned. The first uses bright matter-wave solitons as the basis for a new form of matter-wave interferometry. This work connects to an existing project which began in January 2008 (EPRSC grant EP/F002068/1). The second thrust exploits condensates where the interactions are tuned to zero to study long-lived Bloch oscillations in a 1D lattice in the vicinity of a solid surface.

原子干涉已经应用于许多开创性的实验，从基础研究到精密测量。激光冷却和捕获技术已经允许实现宏观物质波的明亮源。该项目是EUROCORES合作研究项目的一部分（在ESF协调的EuroQUASAR计划内），其目标是建立在这一专业知识的基础上，并使用量子简并宏观物质波的干涉进行新一代的精确测量。设想了两组应用：（1）在自由空间中的基本常数和惯性力的精确测定，和（2）被困原子接近表面的干涉仪作为显微镜的高度敏感的测量表面力的微米长度尺度。为了达到最终的灵敏度，我们将设计原子之间的相互作用，并创建非经典的物质波量子态，以超越标准的量子测量极限。超冷简并量子气体以其固有的相干性和在空间和动量中的窄分布，有望成为精密物质波干涉实验的理想起点，类似于光学激光器。与光相反，原子之间相互作用，简并量子气体的物理学在许多情况下由这些相互作用主导。这可能是一个优点，允许来自非线性光学的技巧，如挤压来提高灵敏度，也可能是一个缺点，由于不受控制的碰撞相移而导致额外的失相。我们将利用通过费什巴赫共振控制这些相互作用的最新进展，找出相互作用的优点并抑制相互作用造成的缺点。计划中的许多工作将是非常基础和探索性的，因为许多能力以及可能的限制还有待研究。题为“用于精确测量的量子简并气体”（QuDeGPM）的合作研究项目将欧洲的努力集中在量子简并气体的精确测量上，特别是玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC）。该项目的组织沿着的主要目标（一）进行精密原子干涉与量子简并气体，（二）使用量子简并气体精密表面探测，（三）探索，实现和测试新的测量方案与非经典物质波状态。在达勒姆的项目集中在使用可调相互作用的物质波探测原子表面的相互作用。具体而言，计划进行两次实验性推进。第一个是使用明亮的物质波孤子作为一种新形式的物质波干涉的基础。这项工作与2008年1月开始的一个现有项目（EPRSC赠款EP/F002068/1）有关。第二个推力利用凝聚的相互作用被调整为零，研究长寿命的布洛赫振荡在一个固体表面附近的一维晶格。