Neural Correlates of Childhood Sexuall Abuse & HIV-Related Sexual Behav in Women

童年性虐待的神经相关性

• 批准号: 8146200
• 负责人: MITCHELL Hunter PARKS
• 金额: $ 37.66万
• 依托单位: MEHARRY MEDICAL COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8146200
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Battered Women; Behavioral inhibition; Brain; Brain region; Caregivers; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Child Sexual Abuse; Childhood; Clinical; Comorbidity; Contracts; Data; Decision Making; Disease; Education; Emotional; Emotions; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Female; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Gambling; Goals; HIV; Heterosexuals; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Incidence; Infection; Iowa; Link; Medial; Memory; Neuropsychological Tests; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychiatric Diagnosis; Recording of previous events; Risk; Role; Secondary to; Sex Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexual abuse; Stress; Substance Addiction; Suggestion; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Therapeutic; United States; Vagina; Viral; Virus Diseases; Woman; birth control; cognitive function; experience; high risk sexual behavior; insight; neural circuit; neuropsychological; outreach; perpetrators; psychologic; racial difference; relating to nervous system; socioeconomics; transmission process; treatment program; trend

African-American women are the fastest growing population contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Infection is commonly in the context of heterosexual intercourse with unsafe sexual practices and is independent of psychiatric diagnosis or substance dependence co-morbidity. A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been linked to increased risk of. HIV infection, with increasing intensity and chronicity of abuse associated with increasing risk. Imaging studies examining effects of stress have identified the medial prefrental cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala (medial temporal lobe) as brain regions that are particularly' vulnerable. Importantly, these are areas associated with emotion, memory or decision processing. The goal of the proposed studies is to test the hypothesis that childhood sexual abuse, especially in African-American women, leads to sustained changes in neural circuits even as adults and that these changes predispose sexually abused women to impaired decision making when making choices regarding unsafe sexual behaviors. This hypothesis will be tested by: 1) rigorous clinical description of adult African American and Caucasian women self reported to have experienced CSA; 2) psychological assessment of executive decision making with the Stroop Test, the Emotional Stroop Test, and the Iowa Gambling Task; 3) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the decision-making and behavioral inhibition neural circuits activated by provocation with the Stroop Test, Emotional Stroop, Iowa Gambling Task; and 4) correlation of the objective CSA data with the neuropsychological and functional imaging data. If, as we postulate, women with CSA have significant alterations in thought processes that increase risk of dangerous sexual behavior then defining the brain circuits altered may suggest therapeutic strategies in the future. Comparison of both CSA+ African American and Caucasian women with age-, education, and socio-economically matched control subjects without CSA histories will also reveal possible racial differences in CSA-provoked changes.

非裔美国女性是感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的人数增长最快的群体 （艾滋病病毒）。感染通常发生在异性性交和不安全性行为的情况下，并且 独立于精神病学诊断或物质依赖共病。童年时期的性史 滥用（CSA）与增加的风险有关。 HIV 感染的强度和持续时间不断增加 滥用与风险增加相关。检查压力影响的影像学研究已经确定了内侧 前额皮质、海马体和杏仁核（内侧颞叶）是特别“重要”的大脑区域。 易受伤害的。重要的是，这些区域与情感、记忆或决策处理相关。目标 拟议研究的目的是检验以下假设：儿童时期的性虐待，尤其是非裔美国人的性虐待 女性，即使在成年后也会导致神经回路的持续变化，并且这些变化容易导致 遭受性虐待的妇女在做出不安全性行为选择时的决策能力受到损害 行为。该假设将通过以下方式进行检验：1）对成年非洲裔美国人和 白人女性自称经历过 CSA； 2）高管心理评估 通过斯特鲁普测试、情绪斯特鲁普测试和爱荷华州赌博任务进行决策； 3）功能性 决策和行为抑制神经回路激活的磁共振成像（fMRI） 通过斯特鲁普测试、情感斯特鲁普、爱荷华州赌博任务进行挑衅； 4）相关性 客观的 CSA 数据与神经心理学和功能成像数据。如果像我们假设的那样，女性 患有 CSA 的思维过程会发生显着改变，从而增加危险性行为的风险 然后定义改变的大脑回路可能会建议未来的治疗策略。两者的比较 CSA+ 年龄、教育程度和社会经济状况匹配的非裔美国和白人女性 没有 CSA 历史的对照受试者也将揭示 CSA 引起的变化中可能存在的种族差异。