Ensemble coding in olfactory cortex

嗅觉皮层的整体编码

• 批准号: 7864128
• 负责人: ROBERT L RENNAKER
• 金额: $ 36.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7864128
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Aging; Animals; Anterior; Arousal; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Breathing; Cells; Central Nervous System Diseases; Code; Cognition; Complex; Congenital Disorders; Data; Discrimination; Disease; Electrodes; Exploratory/Developmental Grant for Diagnostic Cancer Imaging; Fiber; Funding; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; Genes; Human; Impairment; Individual; Limb structure; Memory; Movement; Nature; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Epithelium; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral; Physiological; Play; Probability; Process; Rattus; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research Support; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Smell Perception; Specificity; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Testing; Work; abstracting; awake; base; behavior influence; cholinergic; expectation; experience; information processing; locus ceruleus structure; neuroregulation; noradrenergic; object recognition; piriform cortex; public health relevance; receptor; response; sensory discrimination

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ABSTRACT Cortical processing of sensory information plays a critical role in sensory discrimination, object recognition and memory. Cortical sensory processing has been shown to be highly dynamic, with past experience, current context and expectations shaping how the world is perceived on a moment by moment basis. Disorders of sensory processing constitute a major component of impairments induced by CNS disease and aging, as well as congenital disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. In the olfactory sensory (piriform) cortex diverse stimulus features are synthesized into perceptual wholes through afferent and intrinsic fiber convergence and plasticity, allowing familiar odor objects to be remembered. The intrinsic, association fiber system in priform cortex is extensive, and based on anatomical data and new physiological data supported by an R21 to the co-PI's, plays a role in shaping cortical ensemble activity in response to odorant stimuli. Thus, our data demonstrate that odorants evoke distributed unit ensemble activity throughout anterior piriform cortex (aPCX), with individual components of the ensemble contributing to multiple odorant representations. In the present proposal, which extends the R21-supported research, we propose to address three previously untested hypotheses regarding cortical ensemble function in olfaction using multi-electrode array and paired single-unit recording in anesthetized and awake rats. Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that cell ensemble membership size and the probability of correlated activity in paired single-units will be greater in the posterior PCX (pPCX) than in aPCX due to the more extensive intrinsic excitatory association fiber system in pPCX. Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that manipulations of the neuromodulators ACh and NE to PCX, which selectively affect intrinsic fiber synaptic efficacy, will modulate ensemble membership size, odorant specificity and probability of correlated activity in paired single-units. Finally, Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that behavioral state will modulate ensemble size, odorant specificity and probability of correlated activity in cell pairs, potentially via a cholinergic or noradrenergic mechanism. Together, these aims will begin to explore how cortical ensembles merge the myriad odorant features encoded by peripheral circuits into odorant objects, and how attention and arousal may modulate odor discrimination. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Cortical processing of information plays a critical role in sensory perception, memory, movement and cognition. Thus, understanding how circuits within the cortex process information is important for understanding and treating disorders of information processing. This proposal takes advantage of a relatively simple cortical circuit (the piriform cortex) performing relatively complex information processing tasks (odor object discrimination) to explore how groups of neurons work together as an ensemble to interpret sensory input.

描述（由申请人提供）：摘要感觉信息的皮层处理在感觉辨别、物体识别和记忆中起着关键作用。皮层感觉处理已被证明是高度动态的，过去的经验、当前的背景和期望塑造了每时每刻对世界的感知方式。感觉处理障碍是中枢神经系统疾病和衰老以及精神分裂症和自闭症等先天性疾病引起的损伤的主要组成部分。在嗅觉感觉（梨状）皮层中，通过传入和内在纤维的汇聚和可塑性，不同的刺激特征被合成为感知整体，从而使熟悉的气味物体被记住。初级皮质中内在的关联纤维系统非常广泛，并且基于由 R21 到 co-PI 支持的解剖数据和新生理数据，在塑造皮质整体活动以响应气味刺激方面发挥着作用。因此，我们的数据表明，气味剂会引起整个前梨状皮层（aPCX）的分布式单元整体活动，该整体的各个成分有助于多种气味表征。在本提案中，扩展了 R21 支持的研究，我们建议使用多电极阵列和麻醉和清醒大鼠的配对单单元记录来解决三个先前未经测试的关于嗅觉中皮质整体功能的假设。目标 1 将检验以下假设：由于 pPCX 中更广泛的内在兴奋性关联纤维系统，后 PCX (pPCX) 中的细胞群成员大小和成对单个单元中相关活动的概率将大于 aPCX。目标 2 将测试这样的假设：对 PCX 的神经调节剂 ACh 和 NE 进行操作，选择性地影响内在纤维突触功效，将调节整体成员资格大小、气味特异性和配对单个单元中相关活动的概率。最后，目标 3 将测试以下假设：行为状态可能通过胆碱能或去甲肾上腺素能机制调节整体大小、气味特异性和细胞对中相关活动的概率。这些目标将共同开始探索皮质群如何将外围电路编码的无数气味特征合并到气味物体中，以及注意力和唤醒如何调节气味辨别。公共卫生相关性 皮层信息处理在感官知觉、记忆、运动和认知中发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，了解皮层内的电路如何处理信息对于理解和治疗信息处理障碍非常重要。该提案利用相对简单的皮层回路（梨状皮层）执行相对复杂的信息处理任务（气味对象辨别）来探索神经元组如何作为一个整体一起工作来解释感觉输入。