Ensemble coding in olfactory cortex

嗅觉皮层的整体编码

• 批准号: 8072275
• 负责人: ROBERT L RENNAKER
• 金额: $ 17.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-05-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8072275
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Aging; Animals; Anterior; Arousal; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Breathing; Cells; Central Nervous System Diseases; Code; Cognition; Complex; Congenital Disorders; Data; Discrimination; Disease; Electrodes; Exploratory/Developmental Grant for Diagnostic Cancer Imaging; Fiber; Funding; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; Genes; Human; Impairment; Individual; Limb structure; Memory; Movement; Nature; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Epithelium; Pattern; Perception; Peripheral; Physiological; Play; Probability; Process; Rattus; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research Support; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Smell Perception; Specificity; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Testing; Work; abstracting; awake; base; behavior influence; cholinergic; expectation; experience; information processing; locus ceruleus structure; neuroregulation; noradrenergic; object recognition; piriform cortex; receptor; response; sensory discrimination

ABSTRACT Cortical processing of sensory information plays a critical role in sensory discrimination, object recognition and memory. Cortical sensory processing has been shown to be highly dynamic, with past experience, current context and expectations shaping how the world is perceived on a moment by moment basis. Disorders of sensory processing constitute a major component of impairments induced by CNS disease and aging, as well as congenital disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. In the olfactory sensory (piriform) cortex diverse stimulus features are synthesized into perceptual wholes through afferent and intrinsic fiber convergence and plasticity, allowing familiar odor objects to be remembered. The intrinsic, association fiber system in priform cortex is extensive, and based on anatomical data and new physiological data supported by an R21 to the co-PI's, plays a role in shaping cortical ensemble activity in response to odorant stimuli. Thus, our data demonstrate that odorants evoke distributed unit ensemble activity throughout anterior piriform cortex (aPCX), with individual components of the ensemble contributing to mulitple odorant representations. In the present proposal, which extends the R21-supported research, we propose to address three previously untested hypotheses regarding cortical ensemble function in olfaction using multi-electrode array and paired single-unit recording in anesthetized and awake rats. Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that cell ensemble membership size and the probability of correlated activity in paired single-units will be greater in the posterior PCX (pPCX) than in aPCX due to the more extensive intrinsic excitatory association fiber system in pPCX. Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that manipulations of the neuromodulators ACh and NE to PCX, which selectively affect intrinsic fiber synaptic efficacy, will modulate ensemble membership size, odorant specificity and probability of correlated activity in paired single-units. Finally, Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that behavioral state will modulate ensemble size, odorant specificity and probability of correlated activity in cell pairs, potentially via a cholinergc or noradrenergic mechanism. Together, these aims will begin to explore how cortical ensembles merge the myriad odorant features encoded by peripheral circuits into odorant objects, and how attentiona and arousal may modulate odor discrimination. NARRATIVE Cortical processing of information plays a critical role in sensory perception, memory, movement and cognition. Thus, understanding how circuits within the cortex process information is important for understanding and treating disorders of information processing. This proposal takes advantage of a relatively simple cortical circuit (the piriform cortex) performing relatively complex information processing tasks (odor object discrimination) to explore how groups of neurons work together as an ensemble to interpret sensory input.

抽象的 感觉信息的皮层处理在感觉辨别中起着至关重要的作用， 物体识别和记忆。皮层感觉处理已被证明 高度动态，过去的经验、当前的背景和期望塑造了 世界是在每时每刻的基础上被感知的。感觉处理障碍 是中枢神经系统疾病和衰老引起的损伤的主要组成部分， 以及先天性疾病，例如精神分裂症和自闭症。在嗅觉感官上 （梨状）皮层多样的刺激特征被合成为感知整体 通过传入和内在纤维的收敛性和可塑性，让熟悉的气味 需要记住的对象。初级皮质中内在的关联纤维系统是 广泛的，基于解剖学数据和新的生理数据支持 R21 对于 co-PI 来说，在塑造皮质整体活动以响应 气味刺激。因此，我们的数据表明，气味剂会引起分布式单元 整个前梨状皮层 (aPCX) 的整体活动，具有单独的组件 整体有助于多种气味表示。在现在 提案扩展了 R21 支持的研究，我们建议解决三个问题 先前未经检验的关于嗅觉中皮质整体功能的假设 麻醉和清醒大鼠的多电极阵列和配对单单元记录。 目标 1 将检验细胞集合成员资格大小和概率的假设 后 PCX (pPCX) 中配对单个单元的相关活性将大于 在 aPCX 中，由于 pPCX 中有更广泛的内在兴奋性关联纤维系统。 目标 2 将检验以下假设：操纵神经调节剂 ACh 和 NE PCX 选择性地影响内在纤维突触功效，将调节整体 成员规模、气味特异性和成对相关活动的概率 单个单元。最后，目标 3 将检验行为状态会调节的假设 整体大小、气味特异性和细胞对中相关活动的概率， 可能通过胆碱能或去甲肾上腺素能机制。这些目标共同将 开始探索皮质群如何融合编码的无数气味特征 有气味物体的外围回路，以及注意力和唤醒如何调节 气味辨别。叙述 皮层信息处理在感官知觉、记忆、 运动和认知。因此，了解皮层内的电路如何处理 信息对于理解和治疗信息障碍很重要 加工。该提议利用了相对简单的皮质回路（ 梨状皮层）执行相对复杂的信息处理任务（气味对象 辨别）来探索神经元组如何作为一个整体协同工作 解释感觉输入。