African American Female Drug Users: HIV, Health Disparities, & Criminality

非裔美国女性吸毒者：艾滋病毒、健康差异、

基本信息

批准号：
7752806
负责人：
CARRIE BETH OSER
金额：
$ 57.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-04-01 至 2013-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7752806
关键词：
Accident and Emergency department African American Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Applications Grants Biological Assay Chlamydia Communities Criminal Justice Data Dependence Development Drug abuse Drug usage Drug user Economics Enabling Factors Epidemiology Event Female Foundations Fright Future Gender General Population Goals Gonorrhea HIV Health Health Personnel Health Planning Health Policy Health Services Health Status Healthcare Hepatitis C Hepatitis C virus Hospitalization Imprisonment Incidence Individual Inpatients Intervention Interview Jail Kentucky Knowledge Life Literature Location Mediating Medical Mental Health Modeling Multivariate Analysis NIH Program Announcements Participant Patient Self-Report Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Population Prevalence Preventive Intervention Prisoner Prisons Public Health Race Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Risk Behaviors Sampling Series Seroprevalences Services Severities Sexually Transmitted Diseases Structure Supervision Surveys System Time Trust Universities Unsafe Sex Woman Women&apos s Health Work alcohol research base criminal offending drug abuser experience follow-up health care service utilization health disparity innovation longitudinal design non-drug offender physical conditioning probation racism recidivism service utilization substance abuse treatment time use

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this study is to understand how drug use and criminality are related to health disparities, particularly HIV, and service utilization among African American drug using and non-drug using women across criminal justice status. While drug use is similar across racial groups in the US, African Americans are disproportionately more likely to experience severe health consequences and criminal involvement as a result of drug misuse. Adequate health care may not be received by African American female offenders because they experience the burden of their race, class, gender, and criminal offender status. There is limited scientific data to help understand the linkages between health disparities such as HIV, untreated drug abuse, barriers to service utilization, and status as a criminal offender among African American females. This study is significant because of its potential to identify differences in health disparities and service utilization among African American drug using and non-drug using women in selected levels of criminal justice status (intensive correctional supervision-prison (n=200), moderate correctional supervision-jail (n=200), community supervision-probation (n=200), and no criminal justice involvement (n=200)). All 800 African American females will be followed longitudinally for three 6-month intervals to examine health status and the use of health services across time. The specific aims are: (1) To describe the prevalence of health problems among African American women across criminal justice status and drug use status; (2) To determine the cultural, predisposing, historical health, and potential enabling factors that are predictors of health problems among African American drug using and non-drug using women across criminal justice status over 18 months; (3) To describe the prevalence of untreated health problems, the patterns of health services utilization, and the cultural barriers to service utilization among African American women across criminal justice status and drug use status; and (4) To examine the factors that predict the likelihood of using health services among African American drug using and non-drug using women across criminal justice status over 18 months. The significance of this study includes the potential to provide criminal justice systems-level data for health planning and health policy for prevention, intervention, and treatment of African American female drug users. This study is significant to the public health field because of its potential to understand the severity of health disparities among African American women across criminal justice status and drug use status and to predict health status and the use of health services over time. This knowledge of African American females can be used as a foundation for future criminal justice systems-level interventions to increase the use of preventative health care and subsequently reduce the need for expensive medical services, as well as to decrease HIV risk behaviors including drug use, unprotected sex, and recidivism.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究的总体目标是了解毒品使用和犯罪与健康差异，尤其是艾滋病毒差异，尤其是艾滋病毒和非裔美国人药物中使用和非药物在犯罪司法状况中使用妇女的服务利用。尽管在美国的种族群体中，毒品使用相似，但由于滥用毒品，非洲裔美国人更有可能遭受严重的健康后果和犯罪参与。非洲裔美国女性罪犯可能无法获得足够的医疗保健，因为她们承担了种族，阶级，性别和刑事罪犯地位的负担。科学数据有限，可以帮助了解健康差异，例如艾滋病毒，未经治疗的药物滥用，服务利用障碍以及在非洲裔美国女性中作为犯罪罪犯的地位之间的联系。这项研究之所以重要，是因为它有潜力确定非洲裔美国药物中使用和非药物在选定水平的刑事司法状况中使用妇女（强化惩教率监督 - 帕里森（n = 200），中度惩教式监督 - 盖尔（N = 200），社区监督攻击（n = 200），没有刑事司法司法参与（n = 200））的潜力。所有800名非裔美国女性将在三个6个月的间隔内进行纵向遵循，以检查整个时间的健康状况和使用健康服务。具体目的是：（1）描述跨刑事司法状况和毒品使用状况的非裔美国妇女健康问题的普遍性；（2）确定文化，诱人的，历史健康和潜在的因素，这些因素是非洲裔美国药物中使用和非药物在18个月内使用妇女在刑事司法状况中使用妇女的健康问题的预测因素；（3）描述未经治疗的健康问题的流行，卫生服务利用的模式以及跨刑事司法状况和毒品使用状况的非裔美国人妇女在服务利用中的文化障碍；（4）研究预测在18个月内使用妇女在刑事司法状况中使用妇女在非洲裔美国药物中使用健康服务的可能性的因素。这项研究的意义包括提供刑事司法系统级别的数据，以进行健康计划和健康政策，以预防，干预和治疗非洲裔美国女性药物使用者。这项研究对公共卫生领域很重要，因为它有可能了解犯罪司法状况和毒品使用状况的非洲裔美国妇女健康差异的严重性，并预测随着时间的推移健康状况和使用卫生服务的使用。对非裔美国女性的这种知识可以用作未来刑事司法系统级干预措施的基础，以增加预防性医疗保健的使用，并随后减少对昂贵的医疗服务的需求，并减少艾滋病毒风险行为，包括吸毒，未经保护的性行为和累犯。