Prevention of Young Adult Drug Use in Club Settings

描述(由申请人提供)：这是一项研究的更新(竞争延续)，该研究的重点是防止在以电子音乐舞蹈活动(EMDE)为特色的俱乐部环境中使用毒品和相关的危险行为。我们的第一项研究提供的证据表明，参加这类活动的吸毒者人数足够多，足以保证下一步行动，即测试在俱乐部实施先前证明有效的环境预防战略的可行性。拟议的研究将实施并测试实施环境保护战略的可行性，这些战略旨在减少俱乐部中的毒品使用和其他危险行为(例如，俱乐部中存在毒品使用和吸毒者，以及与毒品有关的行为和其他危险行为，如吸毒驾驶、吸毒过量、性行为冒险、攻击性行为)。我们的具体目标如下：具体目标1：在俱乐部实施环境变化战略之前，衡量环境指标、东道主政策、赞助人的特征和行为。具体目标2：在俱乐部实施环境干预措施，评估和跟踪实施这些战略的可行性和实施的忠诚度。具体目标3：审查干预前后药物使用水平和药物相关风险的变化，说明采取环境预防战略的变化。这项可行性研究将包括四个扶轮社，以测试环境保护策略。两个俱乐部将在第二年开始时被随机分配接受干预，而另外两个俱乐部将被要求再等待一年才能接受干预。这种改进的交叉设计将在我们的分析部分进行讨论。我们的数据收集时间表包括五次主要的数据收集浪潮，大约相隔六个月，从干预前的基线措施开始。每一次主要的数据浪潮将包括多种数据来源：俱乐部的观察、东道主/工作人员访谈(每波20次访谈)和从赞助人那里收集的门户网站数据(n=2000)。广告评估也将按月收集。对俱乐部的额外观察将在主要数据波收集和每月广告评估之间进行。计划了我们先前研究中的措施以及一些额外的问题(例如，就执行环境战略时遇到的障碍与东道主和工作人员进行面谈)。因此，这次竞争性更新的总体设计建立在我们在先前研究中测试的措施(见附录)以及根据干预措施和我们从先前工作中学到的新措施(见下面的衡量部分)。拟议的申请不是功效研究，而是一项可行性研究，旨在测试俱乐部的环境战略是否可以实施，评估实施的障碍和障碍，并展示少数俱乐部内部的变化，这些变化可以保证在随后的申请中对许多地点进行全面的功效研究。与公共健康相关：这项研究将测试以电子音乐舞蹈活动(EMDE)、吸毒率高的地点和其他危险行为为特色的俱乐部环境保护战略的可行性。与俱乐部老板、经理和工作人员合作，这种干预将测试是否有策略来降低风险。这项研究的优势包括关注年轻的职场人士以及大学生。此外，我们的初步工作表明，在这种背景下发现了不同的个人。最后，研究团队与娱乐业建立了良好的合作关系，使这一努力特别及时。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a renewal (competing continuation) for a study that focuses on preventing drug use and related risky behavior in club settings that feature electronic music dance events (EMDEs). Our first study provided evidence that the number of drug users attending this type of event was sufficiently large to warrant the next step, i.e., to test the feasibility of implementing previously-proven environmental prevention strategies in clubs. The proposed study will implement and test the feasibility of implementing environmental prevention strategies designed to reduce drug use and other risky behaviors in clubs (e.g., presence of drug use and drug users in the clubs and drug-related and other risky behaviors such as drugged driving, overdoses, sexual risk-taking, aggressive behaviors). Our specific aims are as follows: Specific Aim 1: To measure environmental indicators, host policies, and patron characteristics and behaviors prior to implementing environmental change strategies in clubs. Specific Aim 2: To implement environmental interventions in the clubs and to assess and track the feasibility of implementing these strategies and fidelity of this implementation. Specific Aim 3: To examine the changes from pre- to post-intervention levels of drug use and drug related risks, accounting for the changes in the adoption of environmental prevention strategies. A total of four clubs will be included in this feasibility study to test the environmental prevention strategies. Two clubs will be randomly assigned to receive the intervention at the start of the second year, while the other two clubs will be required to wait an additional year for the intervention. This modified crossover design is discussed in our analyses section. Our data collection timeframe includes 5 major waves of data collection approximately six months apart and beginning with baseline measures prior to intervention. Each major data wave will include multiple sources of data: Observations of clubs, Host/staff interviews (20 interviews per wave) and Portal data collections from patrons (n=2000). Advertising assessments also will be collected monthly. Additional observations of clubs will occur halfway between the major data wave collection and advertising assessments will occur monthly. Measures from our prior studies as well as some additional questions are planned (e.g., host and staff interviews about barriers encountered in the implementation of environmental strategies). Hence, the overall design for this competitive renewal builds upon the measures we have tested in the prior studies (see appendices) as well as implementing new measures based upon the intervention and what we have learned from the prior work (see measurement section below). The proposed application is not an efficacy study, rather a feasibility study designed to test whether the environmental strategies for clubs can be implemented, to assess the barriers and impediments to the implementation and to demonstrate change within a small number of clubs that can warrant a full-scale efficacy study across numerous sites in a subsequent application. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The research will test the feasibility of environmental prevention strategies for clubs that feature electronic music dance events (EMDEs), locations having high rates of drug use and other risky behaviors. Working with club owners, managers, and staff, this intervention will test whether strategies to reduce risks. Strengths of the study include the focus on young working adults, as well as college students. Further, our initial work indicates that a diversity of individuals is found in this setting. Finally, the study team has developed excellent collaborative relationships with the entertainment industry making this effort especially timely.