Drinking Patterns at Clubs: Using Oral Assays and Portal Methodology

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请涉及广泛的挑战领域（06）：使能技术，和特定的挑战主题，06-AA-108：饮用模式分析的创新技术。使用一种创新的技术来评估饮酒模式（口腔测定），本申请的目的是将俱乐部作为一个特定的生态环境来评估饮酒模式和相关的危险行为。俱乐部的设置吸引了年轻的成年人谁是工作，而不是在大学（约三分之一的与会者是在大学），从而使我们能够衡量饮酒模式在高风险的生态时刻的年轻人在难以达到年轻人。具体目标是：（1）确定在存在和不存在其他物质的情况下，个人和群体特征对饮酒的贡献和相互作用以及入口和出口的模式（通过生物测定法测量）。饮酒模式被定义为在入口/出口处消耗的酒精量（通过生物测定法测量），在俱乐部饮酒的意图，以及在入口/出口处的醉酒程度。个人特征包括人口统计学、一生和最近的吸毒史、通常的饮酒模式和俱乐部出席的规律性。群体特征包括群体的组成、群体饮酒模式、群体吸毒模式和群体中的指定司机。(2)确定在出口饮酒模式的自我报告的准确性，相对于在出口酒精使用的生物测定，并检查伴随药物使用，个人和群体特征与此准确性的程度。(3)To确定个人饮酒意图的程度，在入境时测量，准确预测出口饮酒模式，以及伴随药物使用，个人和群体特征，与此准确性的程度。使用门户网站的方法，我们将随机抽样组的顾客，因为他们接近俱乐部和收集数据匿名，因为他们进入和退出俱乐部。通过在俱乐部12个月的过程中对多个高出勤率的夜晚（周四，周五，周六）进行抽样，我们将能够包括来自各种背景的足够数量的团体（N=360），估计N为864人。通过从群体中收集信息，可以分析数据，以确定群体如何影响经常光顾俱乐部的年轻人在晚上的饮酒模式。这些发现将为制定环境战略以减少俱乐部环境中的酒精使用提供一个框架。此外，这项研究将为我们提供有关群体行为的有价值的数据，这些数据将作为制定参加俱乐部的群体的简要预防策略的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (06): Enabling Technologies, and specific Challenge Topic, 06-AA-108: Innovative Technologies for Drinking Pattern Analysis. Using an innovative technique to assess drinking patterns (oral assays), the purpose of this application is to examine the club as a specific ecological context to assess drinking patterns and related risky behaviors. The club setting attracts young adults who are working and not in college (approximately one-third of attendees are in college) and thus allows us to measure drinking patterns at high-risk ecological moments for young adults in hard to reach young adults. The specific aims are: (1) To determine the contribution and interaction of personal and group characteristics on drinking and patterns at entrance and exit (as measured by biological assays), both in the presence and absence of other substances. Drinking patterns are defined as amount of alcohol consumed at entrance/exit (measured by biological assays), intentions to drink in the club, and perceived level of intoxication at entrance/exit. Personal characteristics include demographics, lifetime and recent history of drug use, usual drinking patterns, and regularity of club attendance. Group characteristics include composition of group, group drinking patterns, group drug use patterns, and designated driver in group. (2) To determine the accuracy of self-reports of drinking patterns at exit, relative to biological assays of alcohol use at exit, and examine the extent to which concomitant drug use, individual and group characteristics relate to this accuracy. (3)To identify the extent that individual drinking intentions, as measured on entry, accurately predict exit drinking patterns, and the extent to which concomitant drug use, individual and group characteristics, relate to this accuracy. Using portal methodology, we will be randomly sampling groups of patrons as they approach the club and collecting data anonymously as they enter and exit the club. By sampling multiple high attendance evenings (Thursday, Friday, Saturday) over the course of 12 months in clubs, we will be able to include sufficient numbers of groups (N=360) from various contexts with an estimated N of 864 individuals. By collecting information from the group, data can be analyzed to determine how groups influence the drinking patterns over the course of the evening for young adults who frequent clubs. These findings will provide a framework for developing environmental strategies to reduce alcohol use in the club settings. In addition, this study will provide us with valuable data about group behaviors that will serve as a basis for developing a brief prevention strategy for groups attending clubs.