Genetic Analysis of the Plant Defense Response

植物防御反应的遗传分析

• 批准号: 7895275
• 负责人: Frederick M Ausubel
• 金额: $ 22.87万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-18 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7895275
• 关键词: Affect; Amino Acids; Anabolism; Animals; Arabidopsis; Biological Assay; Botrytis; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Wall; Cells; Classification; Collaborations; Collection; Custom; Cytochromes; Data; Databases; Disease susceptibility; Drosophila genus; Ethylenes; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Immune; Immune response; Infection; Kinetics; Laboratories; Lead; MAP Kinase Gene; Mammals; Methods; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mouse-ear Cress; Natural Immunity; Organism; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peptides; Plant Roots; Plants; Polygalacturonase; Process; Protoplasts; Pseudomonas syringae; Publishing; Resistance; Salicylic Acids; Screening procedure; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Specificity; System; Testing; Time; Tissues; Tomatoes; Virulence; Work; antimicrobial; defense response; design; genetic analysis; high throughput screening; jasmonic acid; mutant; novel; pathogen; positional cloning; research study; response; web-accessible

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Plants and animals respond to PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) that are indicative of pathogens. Oligogalacturonides (OGs), plant cell wall fragments generated by pathogen polygalacturonases, function as a PAMP in Arabidopsis thaliana. We hypothesize that OG-activated innate immune response pathways are among the most ancient and are most similar to so-called "Toll-like" innate immune signaling pathways in animals. An important unanswered question in plant innate immunity is how PAMP-activated pathways relate to signaling pathways that respond to pathogen-specific signals. The specific aims are designed to further investigate Arabidopsis OG signaling pathway(s) and to identify Pseudomonas syringae Type III effectors that disrupt these pathways. We also hypothesize those Og-activated genes that encode cytochrome P450s function in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds. We have found that some P. syringae strains elicit the exudation of antimicrobial secondary products from Arabidopsis roots, but that P. syringae strain DC3000 blocks this exudation in a process that involves Type III secretion. This is a novel system to study how PAMP-elicited innate immune responses confer basal resistance and how pathogens overcome this resistance. There are five aims. We propose to use a variety of molecular genetic and genomic methods to determine how the OG signaling pathway intersects with other defense response signaling pathways. We will use forward genetic and genomic analyses to identify components of OG signaling pathway(s). We will identify P. syringae type III effectors that block OG-activated signaling pathways and/or the synthesis/exudation of antimicrobial compounds by roots. We will identify signaling pathways that lead to the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Finally, we will enter the data from this project into IMDS, a public, web-accessible relational database.

描述(申请人提供)：植物和动物对指示病原体的PAMPs(病原体相关分子模式)做出反应。低聚半乳糖醛酸内酯(OGs)是由病原菌多聚半乳糖醛酸酶产生的植物细胞壁片段，在拟南芥中具有PAMP的功能。我们假设OG激活的先天免疫反应通路是最古老的，与动物中所谓的“Toll-like”先天免疫信号通路最相似。植物先天免疫中一个重要的悬而未决的问题是，PAMP激活的信号通路如何与响应病原菌特定信号的信号通路有关。这些特定的目的是为了进一步研究拟南芥OG信号通路(S)，并鉴定破坏这些通路的III型假单胞菌效应器。我们还假设编码细胞色素P450的Og激活基因在抗菌化合物的生物合成中发挥作用。我们已经发现，一些丁香疫霉菌株可以诱导拟南芥根部抗菌剂次级产物的分泌，但丁香疫霉菌株DC3000在涉及III型分泌的过程中阻止了这种渗出。这是一个研究PAMP诱导的先天免疫反应如何产生基本抗性以及病原体如何克服这种抗性的新系统。有五个目标。我们建议使用各种分子、遗传和基因组方法来确定OG信号通路如何与其他防御反应信号通路相交。我们将使用正向遗传和基因组分析来确定OG信号通路(S)的组成部分。我们将鉴定能阻断OG激活的信号通路和/或根部合成/分泌抗菌化合物的III型紫丁香菌效应器。我们将确定导致抗菌化合物生物合成的信号通路。最后，我们将把这个项目的数据输入到IMDS，这是一个公共的、可通过网络访问的关系数据库。