Obstetric, lifestyle and genetic determinants of vascular and metabolic traits in women in early middle-age

这项研究的目的是确定风险因素，包括怀孕期间的变化（如体重和血压的变化），生活方式因素的不同变化模式，如吸烟习惯和体育活动，以及遗传因素，这些因素决定了45岁左右女性动脉粥样硬化和其他血管和代谢特征的变化。心血管疾病（CVD）是英国妇女最常见的死亡原因，2004年有113,140名妇女（占英国所有妇女死亡总人数的37%）死于心血管疾病，11%患有冠心病或中风。研究参与者将是来自雅芳父母与儿童纵向研究的母亲。对于这些妇女，我们已经收集了自20世纪90年代初首次怀孕以来超过15年的前瞻性遗传、生活方式和产科数据。将招募7,000名妇女（平均年龄44岁）参加临床检查。这将包括空腹血液样本，用于胰岛素、葡萄糖和脂质测量，DXA测定脂肪量和颈动脉内膜中膜厚度（动脉粥样硬化的一种测量方法）。这项工作将为制定有效的预防妇女心血管疾病的干预措施提供必要的证据基础。

The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors, including changes during pregnancy (such as changes in weight and blood pressure), different patterns of change in lifestyle factors such as smoking habits and physical activity, and genetic factors, that determine the variations in atherosclerosis and other vascular and metabolic traits in women in their mid-40s. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the commonest cause of death among women in the UK, with 113,140 women (37% of the total number of deaths in all women in the UK) dying of CVD and 11% living with either coronary heart disease or stroke in 2004. Study participants will be mothers from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. For these women we already have over 15 years of prospectively collected genetic, lifestyle and obstetric data collected repeatedly since their index pregnancy in the early 1990s. 7,000 women (average age 44) will be recruited to participate in a clinical examination. This will include fasting blood samples for insulin, glucose and lipid measurements, DXA determined fat mass and carotid intima media thickness (a measure of atherosclerosis). This work will provide the necessary evidence base for developing effective interventions aimed at preventing CVD in women.