Susceptibility to Smoking Initiation Among Young Rural-Urban Migrants in China

描述(申请人提供)：根据2000年中国人口普查，中国约有1.21亿农村转移人口。据测算，未来5-10年，中国外来人口将以每年500万人的速度增长。歧视、快速流动、生活和就业条件的不稳定，以及城市生活方式的影响增加，这些都可能导致危险行为的脆弱性增加。这些行为之一是在女性中开始吸烟。对这一弱势群体的研究很少(因为1996年只有4.6%的女性是目前的吸烟者)，但这一群体已经成为烟草行业扩大市场、细分市场和发展品牌的目标。我们此前进行了烟草行业文件研究，概述了跨国烟草行业的目标活动、年轻女性中的焦点小组以确定研究主题，以及对18-24岁在校女性进行的大型抽样调查。此外，我们完成了一项针对酒店、餐馆和娱乐业职业女性的试点研究，以测试我们的调查和接触这一群体的机会。我们建议在酒店、餐饮和娱乐行业的农民工女性中开展一项行为调查，以评估中国对吸烟的易感性；对针对女性的直接和间接广告的认知度；以及对吸烟的知识、态度和行为。我们还建议使用一种新的数据收集和管理方法(手持辅助个人访谈系统[HAPI])进行这项行为研究，以帮助发展北京协和医学院和中国疾病控制中心(CDC)的研究能力。这项研究的结果将有助于中国疾控中心针对中国年轻的城市外来务工妇女这一弱势群体制定具体的干预措施。公共卫生相关性：该项目将对从农村到城市打工的中国年轻女性进行行为调查。他们特别容易受到行为风险的影响，包括开始吸烟。我们将在10个城区的健康检查站和工作场所使用手持掌上电脑收集妇女的数据。这将使预防中国年轻女性开始吸烟的干预计划成为可能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): According to the Year 2000 census in the Peoples Republic of China, there were approximately 121 million rural-to-urban migrants in China. It is estimated that the migrant population in China will grow at the rate of 5 million per year over the next 5-10 years. Discrimination, rapid mobility, instability of living and employment conditions, and increased influence of urban lifestyles are all factors that likely contribute to increased vulnerability to risk behaviors. One of these behaviors is the initiation of smoking among women. Little research on this vulnerable group has been done (since only 4.6% of women were current smokers in 1996), yet this group has been targeted by the tobacco industry for market expansion, segmentation, and brand development. We have previously conducted tobacco industry document research outlining targeting activity by the multinational tobacco industry, focus groups among young women to identify research themes, and a large sample survey of school-based women ages 18-24 years. In addition, we completed a pilot study of hotel, restaurant, and entertainment working women to test our survey and access opportunities to this subpopulation. We propose to conduct a behavioral survey among rural-urban migrant women working in the hotel, restaurant, and entertainment industries to assess susceptibility to smoking initiation; recognition of direct and indirect advertising directed towards women; and knowledge about, attitudes toward, and behavior regarding tobacco use in China. We also propose to use a novel data collection and management method (a Handheld Assisted Personal Interview system [HAPI]) for this behavior research in order to help develop research capacity within the Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The results of this research will be of use to the Chinese CDC in planning interventions specific to the vulnerable population of young Chinese rural-urban migrant women. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will conduct a behavioral survey of young Chinese women who migrant for work from rural to urban areas. They are particularly vulnerable to behavioral risks, including smoking initiation. We will use handheld pocket computers to collect data from women in health examination stations and work venues in 10 urban areas. This will permit intervention planning for prevention of smoking initiation among young Chinese women.