Contraband and Counterfeit Tobacco - exploring an economic disincentive to the denormalization of tobacco

走私和假冒烟草——探索烟草非正常化的经济抑制因素

• 批准号: G0701876/1
• 负责人: Andrew Russell
• 金额: $ 15.83万
• 依托单位: Durham University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=G0701876%2F1
• 关键词: Contraband; Counterfeit; Tobacco; exploring; economic

Smoking is the number one preventable cause of illness and death in the UK. Efforts to encourage smokers to reduce consumption or preferably quit, and to discourage children and young people from starting to smoke in the first place, are being stymied by the tide of smuggled cigarettes engulfing the country (an estimated 16% of the total tobacco consumed in the UK). Deprived communities in particular are being targetted by criminal gangs offering illegal tobacco products, sometimes at less than half the price of normal cigarettes. The North East of England is a hub for this activity. Cigarette smuggling costs the UK Treasury over #3 billion per year in lost revenue and has a massive impact on people s health, since smokers have less incentive to stop smoking if they can buy cheap cigarettes, and are likely to smoke more. In addition, over half the smuggled cigarettes are thought to be fakes, made in illicit factories in China and Eastern Europe. Fake cigarettes have particularly high levels of heavy metals and tars, and hence are even more hazardous to health than ordinary cigarettes. This project aims to increase our knowledge of the little understood criminal economy operating on our doorstep. Using detailed case records obtained through an earlier, EU fundedproject, it will reveal more about how this damaging trade is organized and run, the different kinds of smuggling that take place, the criminal firms that do it and the people they supply. The research will help health promotion workers to better target their campaigns on this topic, and HM Revenue and Customs to better target their efforts to prevent illegal shipments coming into the country.

吸烟是英国疾病和死亡的第一大原因。鼓励吸烟者减少消费或最好戒烟，并阻止儿童和年轻人首先开始吸烟的努力受到吞噬该国的走私香烟的潮流所困扰（估计占英国消费的烟草总烟草的16％）。尤其是被剥夺的社区的目标是提供非法烟草产品的犯罪团伙，有时不到普通香烟的一半。英格兰东北部是这项活动的枢纽。卷烟走私使英国财政部每年的收入损失损失，并对人们的健康产生巨大影响，因为吸烟者如果可以购买廉价的香烟，那么吸烟者就没有动力停止吸烟，并且可能会吸烟更多。此外，在中国和东欧的非法工厂制造的一半以上的走私香烟被认为是假货。假香烟的重金属和焦油特别高，因此比普通香烟更危险。该项目旨在提高我们对在我们家门口运作的鲜为人知的犯罪经济的了解。使用较早的欧盟资助项目获得的详细案例记录，它将详细介绍如何组织和运营这种破坏性贸易，发生的不同种类的走私，这样做的犯罪公司和他们提供的人员。这项研究将帮助健康促进工人更好地针对该主题的竞选活动，而HM收入和习俗更好地针对他们的努力，以防止非法货物进入该国。