Atmosphere-canopy interaction over complex terrain

复杂地形上的大气-冠层相互作用

• 批准号: NE/C003691/1
• 负责人: Andrew Ross
• 金额: $ 31.58万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FC003691%2F1
• 关键词: Atmosphere; canopy; interaction; over; complex

Land surface fluxes of momentum, heat, moisture and constituents are factors of crucial importance in numerical weather prediction and climate models. They are all strongly influenced by vegetation and forests in particular, where flows and exchanges within the canopy determine the sources and sinks. The understanding of these canopy flows is now quite well developed for extensive areas of flat ground, but many hilly and mountainous areas are either partially or fully forested. To date, models for orographic flow have generally ignored the processes within the forest and parametrize the hill surface using a roughness length. Very recently, theoretical and computational developments have begun to set out a framework for understanding the mean flow within these forest canopies. These suggest that correctly modelling the interaction between the canopy and the atmosphere can have important consequences on mountain and larger scales. There is an urgent need to validate the latest model developments using field measurements, but to date none are available. This project will provide such a validation dataset by collecting several months of measurements within and above a forest covering a small but steep hill. There is as yet little theoretical framework for understanding the turbulence structure within canopies on hills and yet this is crucial for wind damage and dispersal applications. High resolution turbulence measurements within and above the canopy will provide new insight into the structure of turbulence within the canopy and this will lead to improved turbulence closure schemes for canopy flows. Further numerical modelling incorporating these schemes will extend the range of the predictions to more complex terrain.

动量，热量，水分和成分的土地表面通量是数值天气预测和气候模型中至关重要的因素。它们都受到植被和森林的强烈影响，在树冠内的流量和交换确定了来源和下沉。现在，对这些树冠流的理解已经在扁平地面的广泛地区开发得很好，但是许多丘陵和山区的区域要么部分或完全森林。迄今为止，地形流的模型通常已经忽略了森林中的过程，并使用粗糙度长度参数进行参数。最近，理论和计算发展已开始制定一个框架，以理解这些森林檐篷中的平均流量。这些表明，正确对冠层和大气之间的相互作用进行正确建模可能会对山和较大的尺度产生重要的后果。迫切需要使用现场测量验证最新的模型开发，但迄今为止没有可用的。该项目将通过收集覆盖小而陡峭的山丘的森林内外的几个月测量值来提供这样的验证数据集。尚无理论框架来理解山丘上檐篷内的湍流结构，但这对于风损伤和扩散应用至关重要。高分辨率的湍流测量和顶部​​内部和更高版本将提供有关顶篷内湍流结构的新见解，这将导致冠层流的湍流闭合方案改善。结合这些方案的进一步的数值建模将将预测的范围扩展到更复杂的地形。

项目成果

Modelling Canopy Flows over Complex Terrain

• DOI: 10.1007/s10546-016-0176-3
• 发表时间: 2016-06
• 期刊: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Eleanor R. Grant;A. Ross;B. Gardiner

Field Observations of Canopy Flows over Complex Terrain

• DOI: 10.1007/s10546-015-0015-y
• 发表时间: 2015-03
• 期刊: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Eleanor R. Grant;A. Ross;B. Gardiner;S. Mobbs

A new continuous planar fit method for calculating fluxes in complex, forested terrain

一种新的连续平面拟合方法，用于计算复杂森林地形中的通量

• DOI: 10.1002/asl.580
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Atmospheric Science Letters
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Ross A