Refinery ready bio-petroleum via novel catalytic hydrothermal processing of microalgae

通过微藻的新型催化水热处理加工可用于炼油厂的生物石油

• 批准号: EP/I014365/1
• 负责人: Andrew Ross
• 金额: $ 72.9万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FI014365%2F1
• 关键词: Refinery; ready; bio; petroleum; via

The cultivation of microalgae for use as an alternative source of lipids for biodiesel production is proposed to offer major advantages in terms of oil yields and land use and maybe capable of mitigating CO2 from manufacturing plant and power stations. However, conventional production of biodiesel requires removal of significant amounts of water before transesterification and this represents one of the major challenges for microalgae biofuels. Hydrothermal processing is an alternative route which can tolerate feedstock with high miosture content and involves processing the microalgae in hot compressed water with or without the addition of catalysts. The energy required to remove the water from algae before transesterification of the lipids is high therefore hydrothermal processing can offer significant savings in energy, efficiency and simplicity. This process effectively simulates nature and produces a low oxygen content bio-petroleum with a high energy density of upto 40MJ/Kg, similar to crude oil. Some of the most productive microalgae in terms of biomass production contain lower lipid content and larger amounts of protein and carbohydrate and not good contenders for biodiesel production. Hydrothermal processing however can convert the lipids, carbohydrates and protein to bio-petroleum increasing yields significantly whilst still being able to recycle nutrients for algal cultivation. The challenges for hydrothermal processing is to produce a bio-petroleum with lower oxygen and heteroatom content (in particular N and S) and increase the yields in the gasoline and diesel range. Previous research by the applicants has shown that using in situ aqueous phase hydrogen donors and heterogeneous catalysts can improve the quality of the bio-petroleum by converting the nitrogen to ammonia and reducing its molecular weight. The proposed research will seek to identify suitable catalysts capable of reducing the nitrogen and oxygen content of the bio-petroleum which in combination with aqueous phase hydrogen donors will provide in situ upgrading to refinery ready bio-petroleum with acceptable levels of N and S. Reactor facilities will be developed for investigating catalyst and additive behavior for a range of microalgae with different biochemical content. Suitable catalysts will be identified with high activity and stability under hydrothermal conditions with the main aim of reducing temperature and pressure requirements thus reducing the associated issues of corrosion, high pressure feeding and reducing the energy demands of the process. A flowing cell reactor will be constructed and a novel micro analytical scale hydrothermal injector will be developed for rapid screening of catalysts and additives. A range of metal doped shape selective zeolites will be evaluated with high stability and high acidity and their activity will be investigated using the developed facilities.

微藻的培养作为生物柴油生产的脂质的替代来源，提出了提供石油产量和土地利用方面的主要优势，并可能能够减少二氧化碳从制造厂和发电站。然而，传统的生物柴油生产需要在酯交换反应之前去除大量的水，这是微藻生物燃料的主要挑战之一。水热处理是一种替代途径，其可以耐受具有高微藻含量的原料，并且涉及在添加或不添加催化剂的情况下在热压缩水中处理微藻。在脂质的酯交换之前从藻类中除去水所需的能量很高，因此水热处理可以在能量、效率和简单性方面提供显著的节省。这一过程有效地模拟了大自然，产生了低氧含量的生物石油，其能量密度高达40 MJ/Kg，类似于原油。在生物质生产方面，一些最具生产力的微藻含有较低的脂质含量和较大量的蛋白质和碳水化合物，而不是生物柴油生产的良好竞争者。然而，水热处理可以将脂质、碳水化合物和蛋白质转化为生物石油，显著提高产量，同时仍然能够回收藻类培养的营养物质。水热处理的挑战是生产具有较低氧和杂原子含量（特别是N和S）的生物石油，并提高汽油和柴油范围内的产率。申请人先前的研究已经表明，使用原位水相氢供体和非均相催化剂可以通过将氮转化为氨并降低其分子量来改善生物石油的质量。拟议的研究将寻求确定能够降低生物石油的氮和氧含量的合适催化剂，该催化剂与水相氢供体结合，将提供原位升级为具有可接受水平的N和S的炼油厂准备的生物石油。将开发反应器设施，用于研究具有不同生化含量的一系列微藻的催化剂和添加剂行为。合适的催化剂将在水热条件下具有高活性和稳定性，主要目的是降低温度和压力要求，从而减少腐蚀、高压进料的相关问题，并减少该方法的能量需求。将建造流动池反应器，并将开发新型微型分析规模水热注射器，用于快速筛选催化剂和添加剂。一系列金属掺杂的择形沸石将被评估为具有高稳定性和高酸性，并且将使用开发的设备来研究它们的活性。

项目成果

Hydrothermal processing of algal biomass for the production of biofuels and chemicals

• DOI: 10.4155/bfs.12.42
• 发表时间: 2012-09
• 期刊: Biofuels
• 作者: P. Biller;A. Ross

Investigation of the presence of an aliphatic biopolymer in cyanobacteria: Implications for kerogen formation

• DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2015.01.010
• 发表时间: 2015-04-01
• 期刊: ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Biller, Patrick;Ross, Andrew B.;Skill, Stephen C.
• 通讯作者: Skill, Stephen C.

Pyrolysis GC-MS as a novel analysis technique to determine the biochemical composition of microalgae

• DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2014.09.009
• 发表时间: 2014-10-01
• 期刊: ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Biller, P.;Ross, A. B.
• 通讯作者: Ross, A. B.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of four brown macro-algae commonly found on the UK coasts: An energetic analysis of the process and comparison with bio-chemical conversion methods

• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.006
• 发表时间: 2015-01-01
• 期刊: FUEL
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Anastasakis, K.;Ross, A. B.
• 通讯作者: Ross, A. B.

Hydrogen production from the catalytic supercritical water gasification of process water generated from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae

• DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.088
• 发表时间: 2016-02-15
• 期刊: FUEL
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Cherad, Ramzi;Onwudili, J. A.;Ross, A. B.
• 通讯作者: Ross, A. B.