Social and Family Environments and Child Obesity in Diverse Neighborhoods

不同社区的社会和家庭环境以及儿童肥胖

• 批准号: 8033476
• 负责人: May C Wang
• 金额: $ 9.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-21 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8033476
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Behavior; Body Size; Body mass index; Categories; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Chronic stress; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Country; Cultural Backgrounds; Data; Demographer; Demography; Development; Diet; Diet Habits; Disadvantaged; Eating; Eating Behavior; Educational process of instructing; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exercise; Exposure to; Family; Family Process; Food; Funding; Goals; Health; Immigrant; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Investigation; Knowledge; Laws; Lead; Learning; Life; Los Angeles; Marketing; Mediating; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Parents; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Process Measure; Psychology; Public Health; Public Health Education; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Secure; Shapes; Social Environment; Social Sciences; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Sociology; Supermarket; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Weight; career; cost; driving force; family influence; family structure; fast food; health disparity; improved; nutrition; nutritional epidemiology; obesity in children; obesity risk; programs; sedentary; sex; skills; social; social disparities; social group; socioeconomics; sociologist; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): My long-term career goal is to establish a center that conducts interdisciplinary research to address public health problems that afflict culturally diverse immigrants. My shorter-term objective is to enrich my current research program with new theories, methods, and approaches from the fields of sociology, demography, and psychology to address health disparities, with a focus on child obesity in immigrant populations. To do this, I propose to take time off from my regular teaching, advising and departmental responsibilities to focus on learning theories and methods used in the social sciences, particularly sociology. Trained in nutrition and epidemiology, I have shifted my research from the investigation of individual risk factors for obesity to the investigation of environmental risk factors. Since 2002, I have focused my research on studying neighborhood environments and in particular, how the presence (or absence) of different types of food stores (supermarkets, convenience stores, small 'corner' markets, etc.) and restaurants may shape people's eating behaviors. In the process, I realized that the theories derived from nutritional epidemiology do not adequately explain the processes whereby neighborhoods contribute to obesity. In particular, I am keen to learn how social and family processes influence people's food and physical activity behaviors, which are the factors known to affect obesity development. Accordingly, I wish to formally train with an established sociologist and social demographer in order to learn new theories and methodologies. For this application, I have proposed a training program that will give me protected time to learn about those theories and methods used in sociology that are relevant to understanding how societies and families influence obesity risk in children and adolescents. I will have Dr. Anne Pebley, a sociologist and social demographer at UCLA, as my primary mentor. Dr. Pebley co-directs the NIH-funded Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Study (L.A.FANS), which has been researching how communities and neighborhoods affect health and well-being and also children's development. I will use the data collected by L.A.FANS as a 'training ground' for understanding how social and family processes are measured and interpreted in ways that are relevant to the study of obesity. I hope this will enrich my current research program with new theories and approaches for addressing the obesity crisis and the social disparities in health that result from it. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: One of the most serious public health issues facing our country today is obesity. Obesity rates have been climbing quickly and are higher in socially disadvantaged groups, where social issues present barriers to the effective implementation of traditional public health education programs. The most cost-effective way to address obesity is through prevention especially during childhood and adolescence. This application proposes to train a mid-level nutrition researcher in theories and approaches applied in the social sciences so as to enrich her current child obesity research program, hence providing her with the interdisciplinary knowledge and skills helpful for addressing social disparities in obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：我的长期职业目标是建立一个跨学科研究中心，以解决困扰多元文化移民的公共卫生问题。我的短期目标是用社会学、人口学和心理学领域的新理论、方法和方法来丰富我目前的研究项目，以解决健康差异，重点是移民人口中的儿童肥胖问题。为了做到这一点，我建议从我的日常教学、咨询和部门职责中抽出时间，专注于学习社会科学，特别是社会学中使用的理论和方法。我接受过营养学和流行病学的培训，我的研究从研究肥胖的个体危险因素转向了研究环境危险因素。自2002年以来，我的研究重点是研究社区环境，特别是不同类型的食品商店（超市、便利店、小“街角”市场等）和餐馆的存在（或不存在）如何影响人们的饮食行为。在这个过程中，我意识到来自营养流行病学的理论并不能充分解释社区导致肥胖的过程。我特别想了解社会和家庭过程是如何影响人们的饮食和体育活动行为的，这些都是已知的影响肥胖发展的因素。因此，我希望正式接受社会学家和社会人口学家的培训，以学习新的理论和方法。对于这个申请，我提出了一个培训计划，这将给我一个有保障的时间来学习社会学中使用的那些理论和方法，这些理论和方法与理解社会和家庭如何影响儿童和青少年的肥胖风险有关。加州大学洛杉矶分校的社会学家和社会人口学家Anne Pebley博士将是我的主要导师。Pebley博士是美国国立卫生研究院资助的洛杉矶家庭和邻里研究（L.A.FANS）的共同负责人，该研究一直在研究社区和邻里如何影响健康和福祉以及儿童的发展。我将使用L.A.FANS收集的数据作为“训练场”，以了解如何以与肥胖研究相关的方式衡量和解释社会和家庭过程。我希望这将丰富我目前的研究计划，用新的理论和方法来解决肥胖危机和由此产生的健康社会差异。