Acclimation of leaves to long-term changes in temperature: does it alter the efficiency of respiratory energy production?

叶子对温度长期变化的适应:它会改变呼吸能量产生的效率吗?

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/D00781X/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 6.24万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2006 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Temperature-mediated changes in plant respiration will be critical in determining the extent to which atmospheric carbon dioxide will be sequestered by the biosphere in a future, warmer world. This is because, on a global scale, plant respiration releases nearly ten times more carbon dioxide (one of the greenhouse gases responsible for global warming) than does the burning of fossil fuels etc. At the individual plant level, plant respiration releases into the atmosphere between 25-80% of the carbon dioxide previously fixed by photosynthesis. This release of carbon dioxide is not all wasteful, however, as coupled to the release of respiratory carbon dioxide is the production of energy necessary for the growth and survival of plants. Critical in determining the efficiency of respiratory energy production (i.e. the amount of energy produced per unit carbon dioxide released) is whether respiration in the mitochondria take place via the energy-producing how cytochrome oxidase (Cox) pathway or the energy-wasting, alternative oxidase (Aox) pathway. Understanding how environmental change impacts on the activity of these two pathways in intact tissues is critical to ascertaining whether climate-dependent alterations in respiratory CO2 release are coupled to changes in the production of ATP. If the efficiency of ATP synthesis does vary with climate, this could have profound implications for the growth rate and competitive ability of plants growing in natural environments. In this project, we will establish whether changes in temperature alter the ratio of Cox to Aox activity in intact leaves. Although we know that both the Aox and Cox pathways are temperature-sensitive, our understanding of how short- and long-term changes in temperature impact on activity of the Aox and Cox pathways in intact leaves remains limited. Understanding the extent to which Aox and Cox pathway activity vary with temperature is essential if we are predict the extent to which climate-dependent changes respiratory carbon dioxide release are coupled to changes in the production of respiratory energy necessary for plant growth/survival. We will use a cold-tolerant forb (Arabibopsis thaliana) in our experiments, as we know that this species is capable of adjusting respiration rates when challenged with a wide range of growth temperatures. Use of Arabidopsis will also enable studies of respiration rates in intact tissues to be linked to studies of gene-expression and protein synthesis. The project will be a collaboration between the University of York and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Plant Energy Biology; the CoE has one of a few mass spectrometer systems in the world capable of measuring rates of Aox and Cox pathway in intact leaves. Given that the CoE will cover all plant growth/consumable costs, the proposal therefore represents excellent value for money for NERC and an opportunity to achieve an outcome that is not possible within the UK.
温度介导的植物呼吸作用的变化将是至关重要的,在确定大气中的二氧化碳将被生物圈在未来,更温暖的世界隔离的程度。这是因为,在全球范围内,植物呼吸释放的二氧化碳(导致全球变暖的温室气体之一)几乎是燃烧化石燃料等的十倍。然而,这种二氧化碳的释放并不完全是浪费,因为与呼吸二氧化碳的释放相结合的是植物生长和生存所必需的能量的产生。确定呼吸能量产生效率(即每单位释放的二氧化碳产生的能量的量)的关键是线粒体中的呼吸是经由产生能量的细胞色素氧化酶(考克斯)途径还是经由消耗能量的交替氧化酶(Aox)途径发生。了解环境变化如何影响完整组织中这两种途径的活性,对于确定呼吸CO2释放的气候依赖性变化是否与ATP产生的变化相关至关重要。如果ATP合成的效率确实随气候而变化,这可能对自然环境中生长的植物的生长速度和竞争能力产生深远的影响。在这个项目中,我们将确定温度的变化是否会改变完整叶片中考克斯与AOX活性的比例。尽管我们知道Aox和考克斯途径都对温度敏感,但我们对温度的短期和长期变化如何影响完整叶片中Aox和考克斯途径活性的了解仍然有限。了解AOX和考克斯途径活动随温度变化的程度是必不可少的,如果我们预测的程度,气候依赖性变化呼吸二氧化碳释放耦合到植物生长/生存所需的呼吸能量的生产的变化。我们将在我们的实验中使用一种耐寒的杂类草(拟南芥),因为我们知道这种物种在受到各种生长温度的挑战时能够调节呼吸速率。利用拟南芥还可以将完整组织中呼吸速率的研究与基因表达和蛋白质合成的研究联系起来。该项目将是约克大学和澳大利亚植物能量生物学研究理事会卓越中心(CoE)之间的合作;该卓越中心拥有世界上为数不多的能够测量完整叶片中AOX和考克斯途径速率的质谱仪系统之一。考虑到卓越中心将涵盖所有植物生长/消耗品成本,因此该提案对NERC来说是物超所值的,并有机会实现在英国不可能实现的成果。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

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Owen Atkin其他文献

Owen Atkin的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Owen Atkin', 18)}}的其他基金

Modelling plant respiration: a novel approach using oxygen titration curves
植物呼吸建模:使用氧滴定曲线的新方法
  • 批准号:
    NE/E009972/1
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.24万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Climate dependent variations in leaf respiration
叶子呼吸的气候依赖性变化
  • 批准号:
    NE/D012856/1
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.24万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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