Model nanoparticles for environmental risk studies

用于环境风险研究的纳米颗粒模型

• 批准号: NE/E01500X/1
• 负责人: Eugenia Valsami-Jones
• 金额: $ 7.21万
• 依托单位: Natural History Museum
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2007 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE01500X%2F1
• 关键词: Model; nanoparticles; environmental; risk; studies

The rapid expansion of nanotechnologies has resulted in a vast array of nanoparticles, many of which are already in industrial production. However, the environmental behaviour of engineered nanomaterial is currently unknown and the potential to harm human health and biota is a major concern. There are virtually no published studies of nanoparticle ecotoxicity, and a limited number of human toxicity studies show contrasting results. This is mainly due to nanomaterials having complex physicochemical properties that vary from the bulk properties of the same materials and are governed by such factors as surface composition and particle size. There is therefore an urgent need to gain a better understanding of the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and their toxic effects, and from this to develop standard (eco)toxicity tests. Understanding ecological risks will require understanding exposure to nanomaterial in the water environment, in aquatic experimental media and within species that are at risk. Existing detection methods are limited in scope, expensive and/or complex. Detecting biological exposures to nanoparticles will be especially problematic until new methods or sensors are developed; yet understanding exposure is the first step in understanding ecological risks from nanoparticles. To facilitate future work on nanomaterial (eco)toxicity, the proposed study aims to generate a set of well characterised nanoparticles that will show the range of properties that appear to influence (eco)toxicity. The focus will be on two metallo-nanoparticles, TiO2 and ZnO, which are being proposed for a wide number of uses. The goal will be to create metallo-nanoparticles with unique enriched stable isotope ratios. Thus the reference material will not only be well characterised physicochemically, but also synthesised to have distinct isotopic composition which will make it traceable in both laboratory and environmental experiments. Concentrations in media and in organisms will be quantified using the enriched stable isotope. This combination of tools will allow the assesment of unambiguous relationships between bio-uptake and particle characteristics; and unambiguous relationships between exposure and measures of organism stress. The material will be tested for its reactivity (solubility, surface charge, agglomeration) as a function of pH, ionic strength and the presence of organic matter in model aqueous media (fresh water and seawater). Ecorisk will be assessed under experimental conditions on a marine (Corbula sp.) and a freshwater (Dreissena sp.) bivalve.

纳米技术的快速发展催生了大量纳米颗粒，其中许多已经投入工业生产。然而，工程纳米材料的环境行为目前尚不清楚，其对人类健康和生物群的潜在危害是一个主要问题。实际上没有已发表的纳米颗粒生态毒性研究，并且有限数量的人体毒性研究显示了相反的结果。这主要是由于纳米材料具有复杂的物理化学性质，这些性质与相同材料的整体性质不同，并且受到表面组成和粒径等因素的控制。因此，迫切需要更好地了解纳米材料的理化性质及其毒性作用，并据此开发标准（生态）毒性测试。了解生态风险需要了解纳米材料在水环境、水生实验介质和处于危险中的物种中的暴露情况。现有的检测方法范围有限、昂贵和/或复杂。在开发出新方法或传感器之前，检测纳米颗粒的生物暴露将尤其成问题。然而，了解暴露是了解纳米粒子生态风险的第一步。为了促进未来关于纳米材料（生态）毒性的研究，拟议的研究旨在生成一组特征良好的纳米颗粒，这些纳米颗粒将显示出影响（生态）毒性的一系列特性。重点将放在两种金属纳米粒子：TiO2 和 ZnO，它们被提议用于多种用途。目标是创造具有独特的富集稳定同位素比率的金属纳米粒子。因此，参考材料不仅会得到很好的物理化学表征，而且会被合成为具有独特的同位素组成，这将使其在实验室和环境实验中可追溯。将使用富集的稳定同位素对培养基和生物体中的浓度进行量化。这种工具组合将允许评估生物吸收和颗粒特征之间的明确关系；以及暴露与生物体应激测量之间的明确关系。将测试材料的反应性（溶解度、表面电荷、团聚），作为 pH 值、离子强度和模型水介质（淡水和海水）中有机物存在的函数。将在实验条件下对海洋双壳类（Corbula sp.）和淡水双壳类（Dreissena sp.）进行生态风险评估。

项目成果

Characterisation of carbon nanotubes in the context of toxicity studies.

• DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-8-s1-s3
• 发表时间: 2009-12-21
• 期刊: Environmental health : a global access science source
• 作者: Berhanu D;Dybowska A;Misra SK;Stanley CJ;Ruenraroengsak P;Boccaccini AR;Tetley TD;Luoma SN;Plant JA;Valsami-Jones E
• 通讯作者: Valsami-Jones E