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Testing and Improving Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses Through Tracer Transport Studies

通过示踪剂传输研究测试和改进平流层-对流层分析

基本信息

批准号：
NE/F004575/1
负责人：
Martyn Chipperfield
金额：
$ 33.29万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF004575%2F1
关键词：
Testing Improving Stratosphere Troposphere Analyses

项目摘要

Meteorological centres produce global analyses of atmospheric winds and temperatures, typically on a 6-hour basis. These fields, which now extend above the stratopause, are produced by the assimilating of observations (from satellites, sondes, surface observations etc) into a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. The primary use of these analyses is to initialise short-term weather forecasts. These global wind and temperature fields are also a huge potential resource for researchers who study atmospheric pollution and need to model the distribution of trace gases in the atmosphere (chemical transport modellers). Indeed, these winds are widely used for many studies of atmospheric chemistry where results depend critically on the quality of these analyses. However, it has become apparent in recent years that global analysed windfields available from many centres do not represent this tracer transport well. The winds tend to cause too much transport of tracers between regions. In this project the University of Leeds, which has extensive experience in chemical transport modelling, will collaborate with 3 leading meteorological centres to test how well a range of currently available analyses perform for a range of important tracer transport questions. Following on from this systematic comparison, Leeds will collaborate directly with ECMWF in order to test the causes of different tracer transport behaviour in the different analyses. New test analyses will be produced and information on the best assmilation system for tracer transport will provided to the meteorological centres. Finally, the most realistic analyses will be used to study in detail tracer transport into, through and out of the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). This region controls the rate at which pollutants enter the stratosphere and the transit time through this region is currently poorly quantified. There are large variations in estimates of this quantity depending on the analyses used and the method of employing them in a particular model. Detailed investigations with these new analyses, forcing a 3D model which can be run in in a variety of configurations, will provide a better estimate of this.

气象中心通常以6小时为单位对全球大气风和温度进行分析。这些现在延伸到平流层顶以上的场是通过将观测（来自卫星、探空仪、地面观测等）同化到数值天气预报（NWP）模式中产生的。这些分析的主要用途是初始化短期天气预报。这些全球风场和温度场对于研究大气污染和需要模拟大气中微量气体分布（化学输送模型）的研究人员来说也是一个巨大的潜在资源。事实上，这些风被广泛用于许多大气化学研究，而这些研究的结果在很大程度上取决于这些分析的质量。然而，近年来越来越明显的是，从许多中心获得的全球分析风场并不能很好地代表这种示踪剂运输。风往往会导致过多的示踪剂在地区之间的运输。在这个项目中，利兹大学在化学运输建模方面拥有丰富的经验，将与3个领先的气象中心合作，测试一系列目前可用的分析对一系列重要的示踪剂运输问题的表现。在这个系统的比较之后，利兹将直接与ECMWF合作，以测试不同分析中不同示踪剂传输行为的原因。将编制新的测试分析，并向各气象中心提供关于运输示踪剂的最佳同化系统的资料。最后，将使用最实际的分析来详细研究进入、穿过和离开热带对流层顶层（TTL）的示踪剂输送。该区域控制着污染物进入平流层的速率，而通过该区域的传输时间目前很难量化。根据所使用的分析和在特定模型中使用它们的方法，这一数量的估计值存在很大差异。这些新分析的详细调查，迫使3D模型可以在各种配置中运行，将提供更好的估计。