Impact and recovery of groundwater microbial communities exposed to manufactured nanomaterials (MNM).

暴露于人造纳米材料（MNM）的地下水微生物群落的影响和恢复。

• 批准号: NE/F011881/1
• 负责人: Ian Thompson
• 金额: $ 6.81万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF011881%2F1
• 关键词: Impact; recovery; groundwater; microbial; communities

The overall objective of this study is to determine the impact of manufactured nano-material (MNM) exposure on the diversity and activities of natural microbial communities in groundwaters, including those responsible for the biodegrdation of organic co-contaminants. In order to address many of the key limitations of previous published exposure studies, we will take a more comprehensive (than previously reported studies), cross-disciplinary (environmental microbiologists and material scientists) and systematic approach to assessing MNM toxicity towards exposed groundater microbial communities. Firstly, batches of selected MNM will be synthesised and characterised, to confirm the nature (physical, chemical state and purity) of the starting material. This achieved by employing a range of standard methods, routinely used by the material scientists on site (Oxford Material Characterisation Service http://www-omcs.materials.ox.ac.uk), including including XPS,UOS, FTIR and TEM. The materials will then be introduced to laboratory microcosms, composed of freshly collected groundwater, historically contaminated with pesticide (isoproturon) and a common environmental/industrial contaminant (trichoroethene), and the response of the indigenous microbial community determined over a four-month exposure period. Changes in the relative abundance of microbial populations will provide insight into the impact of the communities to MNM exposure. Furthermore, changes in the communities' ability to biotransform groundwater contaminants will provide insights into the physiological state of the cells (activity), and shifts in the functional diversity of the community in response to MNM. Temporal samples will be taken and analysed using molecular microbial ecology and material science techniques, to determine the response of exposed microbial communities and chemical changes in the introduced MNM. This will include genetic fingerprinting of the whole microbial community to detect shifts in species composition and community structure; metabolic profiling, to determine changes in the ability of the community to undertake specific biochemical tasks; and monitoring attenuation rates of the pollutant. MNM assessment will include surface and interface analysis. In some studies MNM will be removed (in the case of Fe using magnets) and the recovery of the community caused by the removal of toxic stress examined. In addition, we will store the DNA to target key functional populations (in future studies) such as ammonium oxidisers, which play a vital role in nitrogen cycling, water quality and ecosystem functioning and are sensitive indicators of ecosystem health. This is a very specialist process and will require further funding via parallel and future grant applications. The programme of research outlined will be facilitated by input by staff on related projects, a current EU-funded studentship and in-kind support from OCMS. The information obtained will fill knowledge gaps in the evidence base for risk characterisation of MNM, a key requisite for the ENI programme. The project will significantly contribute to our understanding of how MNM chemistry influences microbial communities, and how MNM themselves will alter by their interaction with the environment and microbes themselves.

本研究的总体目标是确定人造纳米材料（MNM）暴露对地下水中天然微生物群落的多样性和活动的影响，包括那些负责有机共污染物生物降解的微生物群落。为了解决先前发表的暴露研究的许多关键局限性，我们将采取更全面（比以前报道的研究），跨学科（环境微生物学家和材料科学家）和系统的方法来评估MNM对暴露的地下水微生物群落的毒性。首先，将合成和表征选定的MNM批次，以确认起始材料的性质（物理，化学状态和纯度）。这是通过采用一系列标准方法实现的，这些方法通常由材料科学家在现场使用（牛津材料表征服务http://www-omcs.materials.ox.ac.uk），包括XPS，UOS， FTIR和TEM。然后将这些材料引入实验室微观环境，由新收集的地下水组成，这些地下水历史上被杀虫剂（异丙醇）和一种常见的环境/工业污染物（三氟乙烯）污染，并在四个月的暴露期内确定本地微生物群落的反应。微生物种群相对丰度的变化将有助于深入了解微生物群落对MNM暴露的影响。此外，群落对地下水污染物的生物转化能力的变化将有助于了解细胞的生理状态（活性），以及群落对MNM响应的功能多样性的变化。将采用分子微生物生态学和材料科学技术采集和分析时间样品，以确定暴露的微生物群落和引入的MNM中的化学变化的反应。这将包括整个微生物群落的遗传指纹，以检测物种组成和群落结构的变化；代谢分析，以确定社区承担特定生化任务的能力的变化；监测污染物的衰减速率。MNM评估将包括表面和界面分析。在一些研究中，将MNM去除（在铁的情况下使用磁铁），并对去除引起的群落毒性应力的恢复进行了检查。此外，我们将存储DNA以瞄准关键功能种群（在未来的研究中），如铵氧化剂，它们在氮循环、水质和生态系统功能中起着至关重要的作用，是生态系统健康的敏感指标。这是一个非常专业的过程，将需要通过并行和未来的拨款申请进一步资助。工作人员对相关项目的投入、目前欧盟资助的奖学金和欧共体管理系统的实物支持，将促进概述的研究方案。所获得的信息将填补MNM风险特征证据基础中的知识空白，这是ENI计划的关键条件。该项目将极大地有助于我们了解MNM化学如何影响微生物群落，以及MNM本身如何通过与环境和微生物本身的相互作用而改变。

项目成果

Enhanced reactivity of nanoscale iron particles through a vacuum annealing process

通过真空退火工艺增强纳米级铁颗粒的反应性

• DOI: 10.1007/s11051-011-0421-0
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Journal of Nanoparticle Research
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Riba O

Potential environmental influence of amino acids on the behavior of ZnO nanoparticles.

氨基酸对 ZnO 纳米颗粒行为的潜在环境影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.020
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Chemosphere
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: Molina R

A novel hybrid nano zerovalent iron initiated oxidation - Biological degradation approach for remediation of recalcitrant waste metalworking fluids

• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.006
• 发表时间: 2012-05-01
• 期刊: WATER RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 12.8
• 作者: Jagadevan, Sheeja;Jayamurthy, Manickam;Thompson, Ian P.
• 通讯作者: Thompson, Ian P.

Bacterial tactic response to silver nanoparticles.

细菌对银纳米粒子的策略反应。

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00252.x
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Environmental microbiology reports
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Ortega-Calvo JJ

Comparison of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and the correlated inactivation of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

• DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-1432-9
• 发表时间: 2013-02-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Barnes, Robert J.;Molina, Rodrigo;Thompson, Ian P.
• 通讯作者: Thompson, Ian P.