Delayed Motor Learning in Autism

自闭症患者运动学习延迟

• 批准号: 7993411
• 负责人: PAUL DIZIO
• 金额: $ 33.87万
• 依托单位: BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-03 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7993411
• 关键词: Accounting; Achievement; Adaptive Behaviors; Adult; Age; Age-Years; Autistic Disorder; Child; Complex; Dependence; Development; Disease; Environment; Evaluation; Failure; Fatigue; Future; Goals; Individual; Learning; Life; Link; Longevity; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Nature; Occupational Therapy; Outcome; Pathology; Physical activity; Property; Research; Robot; Robotics; Role; Science; Stereotyping; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Uses; Time; Training; Universities; age group; arm; autism spectrum disorder; base; communication behavior; experience; flexibility; grasp; improved; motor deficit; motor learning; neuromuscular system; neuroregulation; novel; public health relevance; research study; skills; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adults who adapt to a perturbing force on their arm produced by a robotic manipulandum later show aftereffects when reaching with the robot deactivated but move accurately if they let go of the robot. This shows that what they learn about how to make goal-directed reaching movements when grasping a robotic manipulandum generating a movement-contingent force does not carry over to reaching without the robot. This is one example of a growing body of evidence indicating that we learn distinct predictive strategies for moving our own arm and for moving external objects, and we use these strategies in an appropriate self/object context. We have recently shown that this context-specific self/object distinction within the motor system is a developmental achievement that appears at about seven years of age in typically developing children. Our studies also show that there is not an absolute maturational time table for the emergence of context-specific self/object motor adaptation because it can be accelerated if appropriate experience is provided. In addition, we have exciting preliminary results from a study of children with high functioning autism (HFA) in which we are finding that they are as capable as typically developing children of learning to compensate for a perturbing robotic manipulandum (object) but are delayed in learning not to carry this over to the free reaching (self) context. Our overall aims are to confirm this preliminary finding in children with HFA and to test a hypothesis about how to accelerate self/object context-specific dynamic motor learning in typically developing children as well as in children with HFA. The outcomes of this project will provide a better understanding of the development of context-specific dynamic motor adaptation in typically developing children, a clearer understanding of motor deficits in autism, and a therapeutic method for enhancing motor learning in children with HFA - especially learning to interact with dynamic objects. A positive outcome will also open future avenues for investigating typical and disordered development of motor interactions between individuals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We will investigate children's capacity separately adjust their neuromotor control to account for their own rapidly changing bodies and for forces imposed by novel external objects. Our studies will include typically developing children, children with autism. The outcomes will be a better understanding of motor development in typically developing children, a clearer understanding of motor deficits in autism and a potential therapy for improving the development of dynamic motor interactions. Strong preliminary results indicate positive outcomes which will open a future avenue for investigating typical and disordered development of motor interactions between individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：适应了机器人操作器对手臂产生的扰动力的成年人，在机器人停用的情况下伸手时会表现出后遗症，但如果他们放开机器人，则可以准确地移动。这表明，他们所学到的关于如何在抓住机器人操作器时产生运动偶然力时进行目标导向的到达动作的知识，不会延续到没有机器人的情况下进行到达动作。这是越来越多的证据的一个例子，表明我们学习了移动自己的手臂和移动外部物体的不同预测策略，并且我们在适当的自我/物体环境中使用这些策略。我们最近表明，运动系统中这种特定环境的自我/客体区别是一种发育成就，在典型发育儿童的七岁时出现。我们的研究还表明，特定情境的自体/客体运动适应的出现并没有绝对的成熟时间表，因为如果提供适当的经验，它可以加速。此外，我们对高功能自闭症（HFA）儿童进行的一项研究得到了令人兴奋的初步结果，我们发现他们与正常发育中的儿童一样有能力学习补偿扰动的机器人操作器（物体），但在学习不将其转移到自由触及（自我）环境方面延迟。我们的总体目标是在患有 HFA 的儿童中证实这一初步发现，并检验关于如何加速典型发育儿童以及患有 HFA 的儿童的自我/客体特定情境动态运动学习的假设。该项目的成果将有助于更好地了解典型发育儿童的特定环境动态运动适应的发展，更清楚地了解自闭症的运动缺陷，以及增强 HFA 儿童运动学习的治疗方法 - 特别是学习与动态物体互动。积极的结果也将为研究个体之间运动相互作用的典型和无序发展开辟未来的途径。 公共健康相关性：我们将调查儿童单独调整神经运动控制的能力，以适应他们自己快速变化的身体和新的外部物体施加的力。我们的研究将包括正常发育的儿童、自闭症儿童。结果将是更好地了解典型发育儿童的运动发育，更清楚地了解自闭症的运动缺陷，以及改善动态运动相互作用发展的潜在疗法。强有力的初步结果表明了积极的结果，这将为研究个体之间运动相互作用的典型和无序发展开辟未来的途径。