A Multidimensional Model of Parental Social Cognitive Processes: Implications for

父母社会认知过程的多维模型：对

• 批准号: 8104183
• 负责人: Carri Hill
• 金额: $ 18.3万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-10 至 2012-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8104183
• 关键词: Area; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Child health care; Cognitive; Data; Development; Dimensions; Discipline; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elements; Emotional; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Family; Foundations; Future; Goals; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Institutes; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Nature; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Poverty; Predisposition; Process; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Stress; Subgroup; Targeted Research; Testing; Validation; base; cognitive enhancement; design; flexibility; health disparity; information processing; innovation; insight; novel; parental influence; programs; public health relevance; research and development; response; social; social cognition; social model; socioeconomics; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Social cognitive processes play a central role in key dimensions of parenting (i.e., responsive involvement, discipline) that are core contributors to children's social and emotional development and targets of parenting interventions. Biased parental social cognitive processes interfere with parents' ability to accurately perceive and interpret children's behavior. Such biases increase the likelihood of problematic parenting (e.g., low responsive involvement, ineffective discipline), and negative child outcomes. Research to date has primarily emphasized individual dimensions of parental' social cognitive processes; as a result, little is known about how multiple dimensions of parental social cognitive processing operate together to contribute to the multiple core elements of parenting. In the proposed R21 exploratory/developmental study, we validate a multi-dimensional model of parental social cognitive processes in relation to two key dimensions of parenting: Responsive Involvement and Discipline. Drawing on theory and research, we propose an integrated model of parental social cognitive processes comprised of two broad dimensions: Social information processing (encoding, cognitive flexibility, and attributions) and Social cognitive set (schemas, goals, and self-efficacy). The proposed model's delineation of individual dimensions of parental social cognitive processes and hypotheses proposing differentiated associations between specific social cognitive components (i.e., social information processing, social cognitive set) and key aspects of parenting (i.e., responsive involvement and discipline) will importantly advance knowledge on substrates of promotive and problematic parenting. We will recruit a sample of 270 mothers of preschoolers who are heterogeneous with regards to parenting behaviors and stratified on key demographic characteristics related to parenting (i.e., ethnicity and poverty status). We will a) test the validity of the proposed parental social cognitive model, b) examine the association of the parental social cognitive model to parenting, and c) conduct exploratory analyses on fit of the model across key demographic subgroups. Rigorous model testing of an integrated, multi-dimensional model of social cognitive processes will provide valuable insights into how social cognitions about parenting relate to key dimensions of parenting. Validation with a sample stratified on ethnicity and poverty status ensures application of the proposed parental social cognitive model to diverse families. The proposed study provides the foundation for planned future study on enhancement of existing parenting interventions via integration of targeted social cognitive processes. Thus this is the first step in a program of research designed to increase effectiveness of parenting interventions for underrepresented populations and is consistent with the strategic priorities of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development for research focusing on familial influences on child development and identification of mechanisms contributing to health disparities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study validates an integrated, multidimensional model of maternal social cognition and examines relation of distinct social cognitive processes to key dimensions of parenting associated with child social and emotional development. Validation of a multi-dimensional model of parental social cognitive processes with an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample will increase understanding of factors related to parenting behaviors associated with competent and disruptive child outcomes in a broadly applicable manner. This information may generate novel social cognitive targets to be embedded into existing parenting interventions, which may enhance their effectiveness for families who have traditionally benefited least from these approaches.

描述（由申请人提供）：社会认知过程在养育子女的关键方面发挥着核心作用（即，积极参与、纪律）是儿童社会和情感发展的核心因素，也是父母干预的目标。有偏见的父母社会认知过程会干扰父母准确感知和解释儿童行为的能力。这种偏见增加了有问题的父母的可能性（例如，低反应参与，无效的纪律），和负面的儿童结果。迄今为止的研究主要强调父母的社会认知过程的个体维度;因此，很少有人知道父母的社会认知过程的多个维度如何共同作用，以促进育儿的多个核心要素。在建议的R21探索性/发展性研究中，我们验证了一个多维模型的父母的社会认知过程中的两个关键方面的养育：响应性参与和纪律。借鉴理论和研究，我们提出了一个综合模型的父母的社会认知过程包括两个广泛的层面：社会信息处理（编码，认知灵活性，归因）和社会认知集（图式，目标，自我效能）。所提出的模型描绘了父母社会认知过程的个体维度，并提出了特定社会认知成分（即，社会信息处理，社会认知设置）和育儿的关键方面（即，积极的参与和纪律）将重要地增进对促进性和有问题的养育方式的了解。我们将招募270名学龄前儿童的母亲作为样本，这些母亲在养育行为方面是异质的，并根据与养育有关的关键人口统计学特征（即，种族和贫困状况）。我们将a）测试所提出的父母社会认知模型的有效性，B）检查父母社会认知模型与养育的关联，以及c）对模型在关键人口统计学亚组中的拟合进行探索性分析。对社会认知过程的综合、多维度模型进行严格的模型测试，将为社会对养育子女的认知与养育子女的关键维度之间的关系提供有价值的见解。验证与样本分层的种族和贫困状况，确保申请建议的父母的社会认知模型，以不同的家庭。拟议的研究提供了基础，计划未来的研究，通过整合有针对性的社会认知过程，提高现有的育儿干预措施。因此，这是一项研究方案的第一步，该方案旨在提高对代表性不足人口的父母干预措施的有效性，并符合国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所的战略优先事项，即重点研究家庭对儿童发展的影响，并确定造成健康差距的机制。 公共卫生相关性： 本研究验证了一个综合的，多维度的母亲的社会认知模型，并探讨了不同的社会认知过程与儿童社会和情感发展相关的育儿关键维度的关系。验证一个多维模型的父母的社会认知过程与种族和社会经济上不同的样本将增加了解与能力和破坏性的孩子的结果在一个广泛适用的方式与养育行为相关的因素。这些信息可能会产生新的社会认知目标，嵌入到现有的育儿干预措施，这可能会提高其有效性的家庭谁传统上受益最少的这些方法。