A Multidimensional Model of Parental Social Cognitive Processes: Implications for

父母社会认知过程的多维模型：对

• 批准号: 8119160
• 负责人: Carri Hill
• 金额: $ 22.88万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-10 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8119160
• 关键词: Area; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development; Cognitive; Data; Development; Dimensions; Discipline; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elements; Emotional; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Exploratory/Developmental Grant; Family; Foundations; Future; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Nature; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Perception; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Poverty; Predisposition; Process; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Research Priority; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Stress; Subgroup; Targeted Research; Testing; Validation; base; cognitive enhancement; design; flexibility; health disparity; information processing; innovation; insight; novel; parental influence; programs; public health relevance; response; social; social cognition; social model; socioeconomics; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Social cognitive processes play a central role in key dimensions of parenting (i.e., responsive involvement, discipline) that are core contributors to children's social and emotional development and targets of parenting interventions. Biased parental social cognitive processes interfere with parents' ability to accurately perceive and interpret children's behavior. Such biases increase the likelihood of problematic parenting (e.g., low responsive involvement, ineffective discipline), and negative child outcomes. Research to date has primarily emphasized individual dimensions of parental' social cognitive processes; as a result, little is known about how multiple dimensions of parental social cognitive processing operate together to contribute to the multiple core elements of parenting. In the proposed R21 exploratory/developmental study, we validate a multi-dimensional model of parental social cognitive processes in relation to two key dimensions of parenting: Responsive Involvement and Discipline. Drawing on theory and research, we propose an integrated model of parental social cognitive processes comprised of two broad dimensions: Social information processing (encoding, cognitive flexibility, and attributions) and Social cognitive set (schemas, goals, and self-efficacy). The proposed model's delineation of individual dimensions of parental social cognitive processes and hypotheses proposing differentiated associations between specific social cognitive components (i.e., social information processing, social cognitive set) and key aspects of parenting (i.e., responsive involvement and discipline) will importantly advance knowledge on substrates of promotive and problematic parenting. We will recruit a sample of 270 mothers of preschoolers who are heterogeneous with regards to parenting behaviors and stratified on key demographic characteristics related to parenting (i.e., ethnicity and poverty status). We will a) test the validity of the proposed parental social cognitive model, b) examine the association of the parental social cognitive model to parenting, and c) conduct exploratory analyses on fit of the model across key demographic subgroups. Rigorous model testing of an integrated, multi-dimensional model of social cognitive processes will provide valuable insights into how social cognitions about parenting relate to key dimensions of parenting. Validation with a sample stratified on ethnicity and poverty status ensures application of the proposed parental social cognitive model to diverse families. The proposed study provides the foundation for planned future study on enhancement of existing parenting interventions via integration of targeted social cognitive processes. Thus this is the first step in a program of research designed to increase effectiveness of parenting interventions for underrepresented populations and is consistent with the strategic priorities of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development for research focusing on familial influences on child development and identification of mechanisms contributing to health disparities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study validates an integrated, multidimensional model of maternal social cognition and examines relation of distinct social cognitive processes to key dimensions of parenting associated with child social and emotional development. Validation of a multi-dimensional model of parental social cognitive processes with an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample will increase understanding of factors related to parenting behaviors associated with competent and disruptive child outcomes in a broadly applicable manner. This information may generate novel social cognitive targets to be embedded into existing parenting interventions, which may enhance their effectiveness for families who have traditionally benefited least from these approaches.

描述（由申请人提供）：社会认知过程在养育的关键维度（即反应性参与、纪律）中发挥着核心作用，是儿童社交和情感发展的核心贡献者，也是养育干预的目标。带有偏见的父母社会认知过程会干扰父母准确感知和解释孩子行为的能力。这种偏见增加了出现问题的养育方式（例如，反应性低、纪律无效）和负面儿童结果的可能性。迄今为止的研究主要强调父母社会认知过程的个体层面。因此，人们对父母社会认知处理的多个维度如何共同运作以促进养育的多个核心要素知之甚少。在拟议的 R21 探索性/发展性研究中，我们验证了与养育的两个关键维度相关的父母社会认知过程的多维模型：响应性参与和纪律。借鉴理论和研究，我们提出了一个父母社会认知过程的综合模型，由两个广泛的维度组成：社会信息处理（编码、认知灵活性和归因）和社会认知集（图式、目标和自我效能）。所提出的模型对父母社会认知过程的个体维度的描述，以及提出特定社会认知成分（即社会信息处理、社会认知集）与养育的关键方面（即反应性参与和纪律）之间差异化关联的假设，将重要地增进对促进性养育和问题养育的基础的认识。我们将招募 270 名学龄前儿童母亲作为样本，她们在养育行为方面存在差异，并根据与养育相关的关键人口特征（即种族和贫困状况）进行分层。我们将a）测试所提出的父母社会认知模型的有效性，b）检查父母社会认知模型与育儿的关联，以及c）对关键人口亚组的模型拟合进行探索性分析。对社会认知过程的综合、多维模型进行严格的模型测试，将为了解关于育儿的社会认知如何与育儿的关键维度相关联提供有价值的见解。使用按种族和贫困状况分层的样本进行验证，确保将所提出的父母社会认知模型应用于不同的家庭。拟议的研究为未来计划通过整合有针对性的社会认知过程来增强现有育儿干预措施的研究奠定了基础。因此，这是旨在提高对代表性不足人群的育儿干预措施有效性的研究计划的第一步，并且与国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所的战略重点相一致，该研究所的研究重点是家庭对儿童发展的影响和确定导致健康差异的机制。 公共卫生相关性： 这项研究验证了母亲社会认知的综合多维模型，并研究了不同的社会认知过程与与儿童社会和情感发展相关的育儿关键维度的关系。用种族和社会经济多样化的样本验证父母社会认知过程的多维模型，将以广泛适用的方式增进对与有能力和破坏性的儿童结果相关的养育行为相关因素的理解。这些信息可能会产生新的社会认知目标，嵌入到现有的育儿干预措施中，这可能会提高传统上从这些方法中受益最少的家庭的有效性。