Correlates of Physical Activity in Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities

智力障碍青少年体力活动的相关性

• 批准号: 8066266
• 负责人: LINDA G BANDINI
• 金额: $ 9.42万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8066266
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Cardiovascular system; Child; Child Support; Childhood; Clinical; Communities; Data; Development; Developmental Coordination Disorders; Developmental Disabilities; Dietary intake; Disabled Persons; Enrollment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family; Feeling; Funding; Gender; Glare; Goals; Government; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Health Status; Healthy People 2010; Individual; Instruction; Intellectual functioning disability; Intervention; Interview; Lead; Learning; Life Style; Measures; Mental Health; Mental Retardation; Methodology; Minority; Motor Skills; Muscle; Obesity; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Physical Fitness; Physical activity; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Questionnaires; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Schools; Secure; Self Efficacy; Sports; Staging; Structure; Study Section; Supervision; Surgeon; Testing; Time; Translational Research; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Weight; Work; Writing; Youth; base; bone health; care systems; comparison group; demographics; design; disability; disorder prevention; experience; fitness; health disparity; improved; information gathering; insight; intervention program; medical schools; meetings; nutrition; peer; population health; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; sedentary; skills; social communication; sound; weight loss intervention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Regular physical activity plays an important role in health and disease prevention. Children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) have poorer health than other populations and their lack of physical activity may contribute to the health disparities that have been identified in people with disabilities. Evidence supports that children and adolescents with ID do not engage in sufficient physical activity, that their fitness is low, and that they are more sedentary than their typically developing peers. However, research on physical activity in children and adolescents with ID is limited. To inform the development of effective physical activity interventions in adolescents with ID, it is imperative to first examine their activity levels and to understand the factors associated with their participation. Physical activity is known to be influenced by many individual, psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental factors, but the factors are likely to be different in children and adolescents with ID due to their limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors, which may limit their opportunities and abilities to participate. The specific aims of this project are: 1) to compare time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity and in structured activities between adolescents ages 13-18 with ID and typically developing adolescents; 2) to compare time spent in sedentary behavior between adolescents with ID and typically developing adolescents; and 3) to compare the individual, family, and community factors associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior between adolescents with ID and typically developing adolescents. Sixty adolescents ages 13-18 with mild ID and 60 typically developing adolescents of comparable chronological age and gender will participate in the study. Physical activity levels will be objectively measured using accelerometers over 7 consecutive days. Through questionnaires and interviews with the adolescent participants and their parents, we will gather information on demographics, adolescent and parent participation in physical activity, barriers and supports to physical activity, the importance that parents and adolescents place on physical activity, and adolescent enjoyment and self-efficacy in relation to physical activity. The health needs of children and adolescents with ID have been under-represented in research efforts, and thus, they represent an under-served minority. The proposed project seeks to address this gap by describing the physical activity patterns of adolescents with ID and comparing them to their typically developing peers. We will also identify the individual, family, and community factors associated with physical activity to determine whether they are different than those found in typically developing adolescents. This information will have direct implications for informing the development of physical activity programs specific to meeting the needs of adolescents with intellectual disabilities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The US Department of Health and Human Services has identified major heath disparities in children, adolescents, and adults with intellectual disabilities (mental retardation). The poor health of this population may be caused in part by low levels of physical activity, and the government's agenda for improving health includes physical activity promotion. Physical activity is listed prominently as a leading health indicator in Healthy People 2010, and objectives include improving activity levels and reducing sedentary behavior in children. Developing effective health promotion programs for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities requires an in-depth understanding of their physical activity levels and of the factors uniquely related to behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：有规律的身体活动在健康和疾病预防中起着重要作用。智力残疾儿童和青少年的健康状况比其他人群差，他们缺乏体育活动可能会导致残疾人的健康差异。有证据表明，患有ID的儿童和青少年没有进行足够的体育活动，他们的健康水平较低，并且他们比正常发育的同龄人更久坐不动。然而，对ID儿童和青少年的身体活动的研究是有限的。为了告知ID青少年有效的身体活动干预措施的发展，必须首先检查他们的活动水平，并了解与他们的参与相关的因素。众所周知，身体活动受到许多个体，心理社会，行为和环境因素的影响，但这些因素在ID儿童和青少年中可能会有所不同，因为他们在智力功能和适应行为方面的局限性，这可能会限制他们参与的机会和能力。本研究的具体目的是：1）比较13-18岁的智力缺陷青少年和正常发育青少年在中等强度和剧烈的体力活动以及有组织的活动上所花费的时间; 2）比较智力缺陷青少年和正常发育青少年在久坐行为上所花费的时间; 3）比较ID青少年与正常发育青少年之间与体力活动和久坐行为相关的个人、家庭和社区因素。60名13-18岁的轻度ID青少年和60名具有可比实际年龄和性别的典型发育青少年将参与研究。将使用加速计连续7天客观测量身体活动水平。通过对青少年参与者及其父母的问卷调查和访谈，我们将收集有关人口统计、青少年和父母参与体育活动、体育活动的障碍和支持、父母和青少年对体育活动的重要性以及青少年对体育活动的享受和自我效能的信息。患有ID的儿童和青少年的健康需求在研究工作中没有得到充分的代表，因此，他们代表了服务不足的少数群体。拟议的项目旨在通过描述ID青少年的身体活动模式，并将其与典型的同龄人进行比较，来解决这一差距。我们还将确定与身体活动相关的个人，家庭和社区因素，以确定它们是否与典型发育中的青少年不同。这一信息将直接影响到为满足智力残疾青少年需求的体育活动方案的制定提供信息。公共卫生关系：美国卫生与公众服务部已经确定了儿童、青少年和智力残疾（精神发育迟滞）成人的主要健康差异。这一人群健康状况不佳的部分原因可能是体育活动水平低，政府改善健康的议程包括促进体育活动。身体活动在《2010年健康人群》中被列为主要健康指标，其目标包括提高儿童的活动水平和减少久坐行为。为智障儿童和青少年制定有效的健康促进计划需要深入了解他们的身体活动水平以及与行为独特相关的因素。