Construction of a connectivity importance map of white and gray matter in the hum

构建嗡嗡声中白质和灰质的连通性重要性图

• 批准号: 8130632
• 负责人: Amy Kuceyeski
• 金额: $ 5.13万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-02 至 2012-08-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8130632
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Affect; Agreement; Algorithms; Anatomy; Anisotropy; Architecture; Area; Atlases; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Blinded; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuries; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Cell Death; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Cognitive deficits; Computing Methodologies; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion; Disease; Excision; Eye; Fiber; Future; Graph; Gray unit of radiation dose; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Injury; Knowledge; Lead; Lesion; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Methodology; Methods; Metric; Multiple Sclerosis; Neurologic; Neurologist; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pathway interactions; Patients; Physician Impairment; Physicians; Probability; Process; Psyche structure; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Rest; Route; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Severities; Severity of illness; Stroke; Students; TBI Patients; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; Trauma; Traumatic Brain Injury; Tumor Volume; Validation; Work; base; brain tissue; disability; experience; functional disability; gray matter; improved; interest; neuropsychological; outcome forecast; programs; public health relevance; theories; tool; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many brain diseases such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and traumatic brain injury result in brain damage and physical or mental disability from cell death. The location and size of the affected area greatly influences the amount and type of disability that the patient incurs. Current MRI-based diagnosis of brain injury is inadequately qualitative, involving subjective assessment of severity and prediction of impairment by the physician. Even when augmented by 3D processing tools that allow for accurate measurement of lesion or tumor volume, this approach is insufficient in characterizing the effect on brain function. This is because functional impairment is determined by both the extent and location of damage, and can be properly assessed only by looking at the connectivity of the affected region to the rest of the brain via its fiber architecture. A new computational methodology is proposed that utilizes DTI and structural MR images of the brain as well as graph theory to methodically assign an overall brain connectivity importance to small sections of white and gray matter regions. This quantitative importance map of the brain will be created by first investigating the brain connectivity of a large group of normal patients and representing it with an object called a graph. Small sections of tissue will be computationally removed and the resulting change in overall brain connectivity will be measured using graph distance metrics. This map will be validated thoroughly with quantitative comparison to existing knowledge of experienced neurologists and by checking the correlation of the map's prediction of injury severity with disability measures in patients with traumatic brain injury. Presented in the form of a quantitative importance map of the brain, this information could greatly enhance a physician's knowledge and have far-reaching and significant impact. Some of the developments could lead to improved surgical planning, assessment of disease severity and possibly the development of a rehabilitation program in pathological states such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. In the future, the map could be extended to provide not only a score of severity, but also a specific type of disability for a localized region of damage or a predicted probability of recovery. The currently proposed research is expected to be the beginning of a much larger and long-term project that will analyze brain connectivity in many different pathological states affecting the brain. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will result in a 3-dimensional map of the brain that indicates in a quantitative manner the importance of small sections of brain tissue in overall brain connectivity, which could greatly bolster a physician's resources when treating diseases that result in brain injury, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, and trauma. In particular, this map could help physicians to improve surgical planning, assess disease severity and possibly improve the development of rehabilitation programs. In the future, the map could be extended to provide not only a score of severity, but also a specific type of disability for a localized region of damage or a predicted probability of recovery.

描述（由申请人提供）：许多脑部疾病，如中风、多发性硬化症和创伤性脑损伤，会因细胞死亡而导致脑损伤和身体或精神残疾。受影响区域的位置和大小极大地影响患者遭受残疾的程度和类型。目前基于 MRI 的脑损伤诊断定性不够，涉及医生对严重程度的主观评估和损伤预测。即使通过允许精确测量病变或肿瘤体积的 3D 处理工具进行增强，这种方法也不足以表征对大脑功能的影响。这是因为功能损伤是由损伤的程度和位置决定的，并且只能通过观察受影响区域通过其纤维结构与大脑其他部分的连接来正确评估。提出了一种新的计算方法，该方法利用 DTI 和大脑的结构 MR 图像以及图论来系统地将整体大脑连接重要性分配给白质和灰质区域的小部分。通过首先调查一大群正常患者的大脑连接性并用称为图表的对象来表示它，将创建大脑的定量重要性图。将通过计算去除一小部分组织，并使用图形距离度量来测量整体大脑连接性的变化。该地图将通过与经验丰富的神经科医生的现有知识进行定量比较，并通过检查地图对损伤严重程度的预测与创伤性脑损伤患者的残疾措施的相关性来彻底验证。这些信息以大脑定量重要性图的形式呈现，可以极大地提高医生的知识，并产生深远而重大的影响。其中一些进展可能会导致改进手术计划、评估疾病严重程度，并可能制定针对中风、多发性硬化症和创伤性脑损伤等病理状态的康复计划。将来，该地图可以扩展，不仅可以提供严重程度的评分，还可以提供局部损坏区域的特定类型的残疾或预测的恢复概率。目前提出的研究预计将成为一个更大、更长期项目的开始，该项目将分析影响大脑的许多不同病理状态下的大脑连接。 公共健康相关性：该项目将生成一张大脑的 3 维地图，以定量的方式表明大脑组织的小部分在整个大脑连接中的重要性，这可以极大地增强医生在治疗导致脑损伤的疾病（包括中风、多发性硬化症和创伤）时的资源。特别是，这张地图可以帮助医生改进手术计划、评估疾病严重程度，并可能改善康复计划的制定。将来，该地图可以扩展，不仅可以提供严重程度的评分，还可以提供局部损坏区域的特定类型的残疾或预测的恢复概率。