Molecular Interactions of Myeloid Cells with Endothelium

该项目的长期目标是确定髓系细胞与非髓系细胞之间相互作用的机制。 白细胞、内皮细胞和血小板激活调节细胞功能的分子途径， 表型，这些功能如何变得失调，以及失调的相互作用和活动 引起炎性血管和组织损伤。控制这些的分子机制和途径 事件提供了基本的生物学见解;此外，它们与人类疾病直接相关，因为 失调的炎性细胞-细胞相互作用是主要人类综合征的关键特征， 从脓毒症的急性表现到动脉粥样硬化及其并发症。在最初 描述了髓系白细胞束缚和粘附的关键机制，该项目的工作 聚焦于这些粘附通路和炎症受体如何传递由外向内的信号 导致基因表达改变。在上一个资助期，我们探索了转录后机制， 基因调控是后基因组时代人类生物学和疾病中一个不断发展的重要问题， 并且已经确定了关键信使RNA（mRNA）的信号依赖性翻译途径， 骨髓白细胞、内皮细胞和血小板，这些细胞以前未被识别，并且具有生理学上的 意义目前的应用建立在这些发现的基础上，并将表征新的信号- 依赖的翻译途径和基因的基础上的中心假设，翻译控制和 信号依赖性翻译机制调节关键的先天免疫细胞表型、功能 急性和慢性炎症的反应。具体目的是：1）表征炎症 在髓系白细胞中调节mTOR翻译控制途径的机制; 2）定义新的 mTOR在特化先天免疫效应细胞中的炎症活性; 3）表征新的信号- 骨髓白细胞中的依赖性翻译机制; 4）检验假设，即在解释上- 髓系白细胞中的调节基因包括一组转录物，其编码关键性炎症反应。 蛋白质，并可通过其与多聚核糖体的结合来鉴定。这些研究将解决关键的差距 在我们对炎症系统基因调控的了解中， 创新，因为他们探索新的概念和模式。

The broad long-term goals of this project are to define mechanisms by which interactions between myeloid leukocytes, endothelial cells and platelets activate molecular pathways that regulate cellular function and phenotype, how these functions become dysregulated, and how dysregulated interactions and activities cause inflammatory vascular and tissue injury. Molecular mechanisms and pathways that control these events provide fundamental biologic insights; in addition, they are directly relevant to human disease, since dysregulated inflammatory cell-cell interactions are key features of major human syndromes that span a spectrum from the acute manifestations of sepsis to atherosclerosis and its complications. After initially characterizing key mechanisms of myeloid leukocyte tethering and adhesion, work in this project has focused on how outside-in signals delivered by these adhesion pathways and by inflammatory receptors lead to altered gene expression. In the last funding period we explored post-transcriptional mechanisms of gene regulation, an issue of evolving significance in human biology and disease in the post-genomic era, and have identified pathways for signal-dependent translation of critical messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in myeloid leukocytes, endothelial cells and platelets that were previously unrecognized and have physiologic significance. The current application builds on these discoveries, and will characterize novel signal- dependent translation pathways and genes based on the central hypothesis that translational control and signal-dependent translation mechanisms regulate key innate immune cell phenotypes, functions and responses in acute and chronic inflammation. The specific aims are: 1) to characterize inflammatory mechanisms that regulate the mTOR translational control pathway in myeloid leukocytes; 2) define new inflammatory activities of mTOR in specialized innate immune effector cells; 3) characterize novel signal- dependent translation mechanisms in myeloid leukocytes; 4) test the hypothesis that translationally- regulated genes in myeloid leukocytes comprise a sub-group of transcripts that code for critical inflammatory proteins and can be identified by their association with polyribosomes. The studies will resolve critical gaps in our knowledge of gene regulation in inflammatory systems, have direct clinical relevance, and are innovative because they explore new concepts and paradigms.