Central Control of Mobility in Aging

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议研究执行控制和疲劳对老年人活动能力维持和活动障碍风险的影响及其潜在的脑基质。我们的总体工作假设是，老年人的行动能力、执行控制和疲劳通过额叶皮层-基底神经节系统紧密联系在一起。我们建议招募450名70岁及以上的无痴呆社区居民，在5年的研究期间进行基线和年度随访。将在每次年度评价中采取研究措施，以确定执行控制和疲劳对行动能力的横截面和纵向影响（目标1）。功能性近红外光谱（FNIRS）将在每次研究访问中使用，以确定运动中PFC功能与移动性的相关性（目标2）。在基线时，将对一个子样本（n=70）进行结构和功能MRI检查，以增强我们对大脑活动相关因素的评估。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to examine the effects of executive control and fatigue on the maintenance of mobility and risk of mobility disability in older adults and their underlying brain substrates. Our overall working hypothesis is that mobility, executive control, and fatigue are closely linked through the frontal cortex-basal ganglia system in older adults. We propose to recruit 450 non- demented community-residing individuals age 70 years and older for baseline and annual follow-ups over the 5-year study period. Study measures will be administered in each yearly evaluation to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of executive control and fatigue on mobility (aim 1). Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FNIRS) will be used in each study visit to identify in motion PFC functional correlates of mobility (aim 2). Structural and functional MRI will be administered to a subsample (n=70) at baseline to augment our assessment of brain correlates of mobility. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: At present, cognitive function and fatigue are not routinely included in the risk assessment of mobility decline and disability in older adults. Furthermore, current mobility interventions do not specifically target cognitive function or fatigue. If successful, the findings of this proposal may substantially impact clinical practice guidelines. This proposal is designed to shed light on specific structural and functional brain substrates implicated in mobility. As such, we hope that our findings will further knowledge of causal and potentially modifiable predictors of mobility decline and disability in older adults.