Understanding and Preventing Childhood Drug Use Risk

了解和预防儿童吸毒风险

• 批准号: 8034739
• 负责人: Daniel S Shaw
• 金额: $ 69.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-15 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8034739
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Affect; Age; Aggressive behavior; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Child Mental Health; Child Nutrition; Childhood; Collaborations; Comorbidity; Competence; Consult; Consultations; Control Groups; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Dimensions; Discrimination; Disruptive Behavior Disorder; Distress; Drug usage; Early treatment; Education; Effectiveness; Elements; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Impact; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Family; Family Characteristics; Feedback; Funding; Future; Gender; Growth; HIV; Health; Home environment; Home visitation; Horns; House Call; Infant; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Joints; Lead; Link; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methodology; Modeling; Monitor; Nature; Oregon; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Pennsylvania; Performance; Phase; Poverty; Prevention; Probability; Problem behavior; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Readiness; Reading; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Science; Scientist; Self-control as a personality trait; Series; Services; Siblings; Site; Stress; System; Techniques; Temperament; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Treaty; Universities; Videoconferences; Videoconferencing; Videotape; Virginia; Woman; adolescent drug use; base; checkup examination; clinically significant; cost; cost effective; design; deviant; early onset; early onset drug use; elementary school; emotional adjustment; emotional distress; experience; family management; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; intervention effect; literacy; maternal depression; meetings; peer; prevent; prognostic; programs; public education; service intervention; skills; social; success; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The revised application proposes a five-year extension of the Early Steps Multisite Project (ES-M) focused on Understanding and Preventing Early Drug Use Risk. The ES- M project is a collaboration of the Child and Family Center at the University of Oregon (Dishion), the University of Pittsburgh (Shaw), and the University of Virginia (Wilson). The first five years have been quite successful in exceeding expected recruitment rates (731), maintaining high retention rates (85%), engaging families in our family- intervention model, and producing a reduction in problem behavior and emotion distress in children from ages 2 through 4. We have found that improvements in children's adjustment were mediated by improved family management practices. In the next five years we propose to adapt the family intervention model to provide support for each child's transition into the public school system, and conduct developmental analyses to better understand early emergence of school competence, early deviant peer involvement problem behavior, and emotion distress as well as address the role of siblings in development and as an intervention outcome variable. Biannual intensive assessments are proposed that include home visits and direct observations, as well as yearly assessments of the child's problem behavior and self-regulation in the families' context. This assessment builds on an existing multiagent and multimethod assessment strategy across all three sites that have included yearly direct observations as well as measurement of child and family characteristics. We propose that the study will test the effectiveness of a feasible, cost-effective, family-centered intervention that can be initiated within WIC or similar service settings and be continued and maintained in the public school environment. In addition, the data set affords a rich opportunity to link caregiver engagement in the intervention with child and family outcomes. The net effect of this family-centered, early intervention strategy is significant reduction of risk for early- onset problem behavior, improved school competence, reduction in children's mental health disorders, and reductions in risk for drug use risk from age 2 through 10. Advancements in multivariate data analysis such as general growth mixture modeling will be used to study the environmental factors associated with the formation of health and of high-risk developmental trajectories, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the family intervention in altering those trajectories.

描述(由申请人提供)：修订后的申请建议将早期步骤多站点项目(ES-M)延长五年，重点是了解和预防早期药物使用风险。ES-M项目是由俄勒冈大学(迪瑟姆)儿童和家庭中心、匹兹堡大学(Shaw)和弗吉尼亚大学(威尔逊)合作开展的。前五年在超过预期的招聘率(731)、保持较高的保留率(85%)、让家庭参与我们的家庭干预模式以及减少2至4岁儿童的问题行为和情绪困扰方面取得了相当成功的成就。我们发现，儿童适应能力的改善是通过改进家庭管理实践来实现的。在接下来的五年里，我们建议采用家庭干预模式，为每个孩子过渡到公立学校系统提供支持，并进行发展分析，以更好地了解早期出现的学校能力、早期偏离同伴参与的问题行为和情绪困扰，以及兄弟姐妹在发展中的作用和作为干预结果变量的问题。建议进行两年一次的密集评估，包括家访和直接观察，以及在家庭背景下对儿童的问题行为和自我调节进行年度评估。这项评估建立在所有三个地点现有的多代理和多方法评估战略的基础上，该战略包括年度直接观察以及对儿童和家庭特征的衡量。我们建议，这项研究将测试一种可行的、具有成本效益的、以家庭为中心的干预措施的有效性，这种干预可以在WIC或类似的服务环境中启动，并在公立学校环境中继续和维持。此外，数据集提供了一个丰富的机会，将照顾者参与干预与儿童和家庭结果联系起来。这种以家庭为中心的早期干预策略的净效果是显著降低了早发问题行为的风险，提高了学习能力，减少了儿童的心理健康障碍，并降低了从2岁到10岁使用药物的风险。多变量数据分析的进展，如一般生长混合模型，将用于研究与健康形成和高风险发展轨迹相关的环境因素，以及确定家庭干预在改变这些轨迹方面的有效性。