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New Methods in Basic and Applied Research on Drug Use Risk

吸毒风险基础与应用研究的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
7568305
负责人：
Daniel S Shaw
金额：
$ 12.74万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-01 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7568305
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Adolescence Adoption Age Age-Months Applied Research Area Attenuated Behavior Birth Brain Caring Child Childhood Communities DNA Data Decision Making Development Development Plans Dose Drug usage Environment Evaluation Event Exposure to Family Fathers Feedback Funding Genetic Genetic Risk Goals Grant Growth and Development function HIV High Chair Intervention Knowledge Lead Learning Life Longitudinal Studies Low income Mediating Mentors Methods Molecular Mothers National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute of Drug Abuse National Institute of Mental Health Neighborhoods Neurosciences Nursery Schools Parent-Child Relations Parenting behavior Parents Participant Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Population Populations at Risk Prevention Problem behavior Procedures Protocols documentation Psychopathology Questionnaires Randomized Recording of previous events Research Resources Rewards Risk Risk Factors Rural Sampling Schools Services Signal Transduction Site Social Policies System Testing Time Toddler Translating Youth adopted child age group anti social base behavior observation boys career development checkup examination cohort contextual factors design drug abuse prevention early childhood early onset emerging adult experience falls fetal drug exposure follow-up genetic variant group intervention high risk high risk sexual behavior improved infancy intervention program male novel parental involvement peer postnatal prenatal exposure programs satisfaction skills social skills suburb teacher young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed K05 RSA will focus on the following three areas to improve the candidate's career development: 1) learning more about genetics and brain circuitry related to the development of antisocial behavior (AB) and drug use; 2) further developing the use of the Family Check Up intervention for use with different age groups and at-risk populations; and 3) learning more about the interface among research-based intervention programs, community needs, and social policy. Skills acquired from the career development plan should have both short- and long-term applications to the candidate's research. The candidate proposes to conduct four funded programs of research. Program I (NIMH R01-50907) seeks to advance our understanding of the precursors of early- and late-starting pathways of antisocial behavior (AB) by following a cohort of low-income, male youth from ages 1.5 to 18. Program II, the Early Steps - Multisite (ES-M) Project (NIDA R01 016110), is a prevention study targeting family and extra-familial influences in early and middle childhood to reduce risk for early-onset AB, drug use, and HIV risk. Program III, the Parental Involvement and Extra-Familial Contexts Project (NIDA R01 023245), uses families from the ES-M sample to examine the contributions of neighborhood, school, and after-school care contexts in relation to drug use risk during middle childhood, and how parental involvement in these extra-familial settings may attenuate effects of extra-familial risk factors on drug use risk. Program IV represents two studies that have emerged as extensions from the Early Growth and Development Study (EGDS, NICHD R01 12709). Both studies (NICHD R01 042608 & NIDA R01 020585) use an adoption design to examine mechanisms by which genetic factors, prenatal drug exposure, and parent-child relationships influence developmental pathways leading to problem behavior and social competence in early childhood. The purpose of the K05 RSA is to permit the candidate to conduct these four programs of research and broaden his understanding basic and applied issues related to the prevention of drug use risk from early childhood through adolescence.

描述（由申请人提供）：建议的K 05 RSA将集中在以下三个方面，以改善候选人的职业发展：1）了解更多与反社会行为（AB）和药物使用有关的遗传学和大脑回路; 2）进一步开发家庭检查干预用于不同年龄组和高危人群; 3）了解更多关于基于研究的干预计划，社区需求和社会政策之间的接口。从职业发展计划中获得的技能应该对候选人的研究有短期和长期的应用。候选人建议进行四项资助的研究计划。计划I（NIMH R 01 -50907）旨在通过跟踪一组1.5至18岁的低收入男性青年，促进我们对反社会行为（AB）早期和晚期启动途径的前体的理解。计划II，早期步骤-多地点（ES-M）项目（NIDA R 01 016110），是一项针对儿童早期和中期家庭和家庭外影响的预防研究，以降低早发AB，药物使用和HIV风险。计划三，父母参与和家庭外环境项目（NIDA R 01 023245），使用ES-M样本的家庭来研究社区，学校和课后护理环境对儿童中期吸毒风险的贡献，以及父母参与这些家庭外环境可能会减弱家庭外风险因素对吸毒风险的影响。计划IV代表了两项研究，作为早期生长和发育研究（EGDS，NICHD R 01 12709）的扩展。这两项研究（NICHD R 01 042608和NIDA R 01 020585）都使用了收养设计来研究遗传因素、产前药物暴露和亲子关系影响儿童早期问题行为和社会能力的发展途径的机制。K 05 RSA的目的是允许候选人进行研究的这四个方案，并扩大他的理解有关的基本和应用问题的预防药物使用风险从幼儿到青春期。