COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF AGING

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 这个项目比较了雌性智人、泛人猿和猕猴的大脑和认知能力的下降。我们收集了436名健康女性在非人类灵长类动物(NHP)任务中的行为数据。结果证实，人类在NHP衍生的任务中表现出与年龄相关的下降，该任务旨在测量视觉识别记忆、空间工作记忆、运动功能和执行功能。对恒河猴(n=24)的平行研究证实了猴子数量下降的预期模式。然而，在黑猩猩(n=36)身上的结果令人惊讶，因为在一些测试中，黑猩猩似乎对年龄相关的变化有一定的抵抗力。因此，尽管通过我们的计算机化概念集转移任务来衡量，这三个物种都显示出执行功能的缺陷，但只有人类和恒河猴，而不是黑猩猩，显示出空间工作记忆的下降。该项目的另一个目的是评估在埃默里阿尔茨海默病研究中心(ADRC)登记为受试者的AD和MCI患者的认知功能，该中心也取得了进展。26名ADRC受试者已经被录取，初步结果证实，他们在CSST和DRST任务中也显示出与年龄相关的下降。更多的受试者现在正在接受测试。许多关于衰老的理论表明，人类的衰老表型，包括损伤和对阿尔茨海默病的独特易感性，是塑造我们物种的选择压力的结果。这项对三种灵长类动物差异的独特研究将帮助我们理解进化和生理过程，这些过程可能矛盾地奠定了我们独特的人类长寿和我们对年龄相关衰退的敏感性。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. This project compares brain and cognitive decline in female Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes and Macaca mulatta. We have collected behavioral data from 436 healthy human females on tasks derived for nonhuman primates (NHPs). Results confirm that humans show age-related decline on NHP-derived tasks designed to measure visual recognition memory, spatial working memory, motor function, and executive function. Parallel studies on rhesus monkeys (n=24) have confirmed the expected pattern of decline in monkeys. However, results in chimpanzees (n=36) have been surprising in that the chimpanzee appears to be somewhat resistant to age-related changes in some tests. Thus, while all three species show deficits in executive function, as measured by our computerized Conceptual Set Shifting Task, only humans and rhesus monkeys, but not chimpanzees, show a decline in spatial working memory. Another aim of this project is to assess cognitive function in AD and MCI patients, enrolled as subjects in the Emory Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC), which has also made progress. Twenty-six ADRC subjects have been enrolled, and preliminary results confirm that they too show age-related decline in the CSST and DRST tasks. Additional subjects are now being tested. Many theories of aging suggest that the human's aging phenotype, including impairment and the uniquely human susceptibility to Alzheimer Disease, is a result of selection pressure that shaped our species. This unique study of the differences among three primates will help us understand evolutionary and physiological processes that may paradoxically underlie both our uniquely human longevity and our susceptibility to age-related decline.