Point-of-care Testing for Illicit Drugs and Alcohol Intoxication in an Emergency

紧急情况下非法药物和酒精中毒的现场检测

• 批准号: 8124228
• 负责人: Marcel Benz
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: SEACOAST SCIENCE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8124228
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; Adsorption; Affect; Affinity; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Ankle; Area; Aviation; Bedside Testings; Blood; Blood specimen; Caring; Cells; Chemicals; Consumption; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Diagnostic tests; Drug Tolerance; Emergency Care; Emergency Situation; Emergency treatment; Ensure; Environment; Ethanol; Face; Gases; Gel; Hand; Head Start Program; Hour; Illicit Drugs; Immunoassay; Institution; Intake; Knowledge; Marketing; Mechanics; Monitor; Motor; Narcotics; Patients; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Physicians; Policies; Polymers; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Preparation; Railroads; Relative (related person); Safety; Sampling; Science; Screening procedure; Skin; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; Swab; Sweat; Sweating; System; Systems Analysis; Technology; Testing; Time; Urine; Workplace; alcohol monitoring; alcohol screening; arm; base; care seeking; clinical decision-making; cost; detector; drug of abuse; drug testing; evaporation; illicit drug detection; instrument; interest; ion mobility; minimally invasive; nanocomposite; novel; point of care; point-of-care diagnostics; problem drinker; programs; sample collection; sensor; sound; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I proposal focuses on the development of a high-speed chromatographic analysis system based on a chemical sensor array that is specialized for the detection of ethanol and narcotics. The core technology is a miniature gas chromatograph that will utilize a dual detector system based on a MEMS microcapacitor sensor array and an ethanol detector. The MEMS sensor array will be coated with several chemoselective polymers optimized for the detection of narcotics while the transdermal ethanol sensor will be based on a chemiresistor or an electrochemical cell. A novel thermal desorber will be built into the inlet of the Mini-GC that vaporizes traces of drugs off a sampling collection device. The vaporized analytes are preconcentrated on a sorbent with increased relative adsorption strength for the analytes of interest prior to the chromatographic separation and subsequent detection with the dual sensor array. The analytical instrument will provide a low-cost, minimal invasive, point-of-care diagnostic platform for the detection of drug traces in near-real time. The proposed drug screening device will be an alternative to state of the art chromatographic desktop and immunoassay drug tests, with the sample preparation being based on trace detection rather than the analysis of a urine or blood sample. One of the intended applications of the diagnostic tool is for an emergency department where patients can be quickly screened for alcohol and drugs, which will provide physicians with an initial assessment of patients to facilitate the treatment decision making. The idea of monitoring transdermal alcohol by means of an ankle bracelet for instance, and the trace detection of narcotics by ion mobility spectroscopy have both been applied separately for years; however, the two concepts have never before been combined in one instrument and made available at low cost. Seacoast's Mini-GC with the dual detector system will close this gap. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Persons adversely affected by drugs of abuse comprise a substantial proportion of the patients that seek care in emergency departments. Seacoast Science proposes a fast, point-of-care drug screen test that will provide physicians with an initial assessment of patients to facilitate the treatment decision making. The test can be applied to every patient seeking emergency care, since the test is minimal invasive by collecting traces of narcotics and transdermal alcohol from a patient's skin, rather than requiring a blood or urine sample.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个小型企业创新研究阶段I提案着重于基于化学传感器阵列的高速色谱分析系统的开发，该系统专门用于检测乙醇和麻醉药。核心技术是一种微型气相色谱仪，它将基于MEMS微电容器传感器阵列和乙醇检测器利用双检测器系统。 MEMS传感器阵列将涂有优化用于检测麻醉剂的几种化学选择性聚合物，而经透皮乙醇传感器将基于化学剂或电化学细胞。新型的热解仪将内置在迷你GC的入口处，该入口使采样收集装置的药物痕迹蒸发。在色谱分离之前，对感兴趣的分析物的相对吸附强度和随后的双传感器阵列检测，对蒸发分析物的吸附剂进行了预召集。该分析仪器将提供低成本，最小的侵入性，即时诊断平台，用于在近乎真实的时间内检测药物痕迹。提出的药物筛查装置将是艺术色谱台式机和免疫测定药物测试的替代方法，其样品制备基于痕量检测，而不是对尿液或血液样品的分析。诊断工具的预期应用之一是急诊科，可以快速筛查患者的酒精和药物，这将为医生提供对患者的初步评估，以促进治疗决策。例如，通过脚踝手镯监测透皮酒精的想法，以及通过离子迁移率光谱对麻醉剂进行痕量检测多年。但是，这两个概念从来没有被合并为一种乐器，并以低成本提供。带有双检测器系统的Seacoast的迷你GC将缩小此差距。 公共卫生相关性：受虐待药物不利影响的人占急诊室寻求护理的大部分患者。 Seacoast Science提出了一项快速的保健药物筛查测试，该测试将为医生对患者进行初步评估，以促进治疗决策。该测试可以应用于寻求急诊护理的每个患者，因为该测试是通过从患者的皮肤中收集麻醉品和透皮酒精的痕迹，而不是需要血液或尿液样本，从而最小。