Point-of-care Testing for Illicit Drugs and Alcohol Intoxication in an Emergency

紧急情况下非法药物和酒精中毒的现场检测

• 批准号: 8124228
• 负责人: Marcel Benz
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: SEACOAST SCIENCE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8124228
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; Adsorption; Affect; Affinity; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Ankle; Area; Aviation; Bedside Testings; Blood; Blood specimen; Caring; Cells; Chemicals; Consumption; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Diagnostic tests; Drug Tolerance; Emergency Care; Emergency Situation; Emergency treatment; Ensure; Environment; Ethanol; Face; Gases; Gel; Hand; Head Start Program; Hour; Illicit Drugs; Immunoassay; Institution; Intake; Knowledge; Marketing; Mechanics; Monitor; Motor; Narcotics; Patients; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Physicians; Policies; Polymers; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Preparation; Railroads; Relative (related person); Safety; Sampling; Science; Screening procedure; Skin; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Speed; Swab; Sweat; Sweating; System; Systems Analysis; Technology; Testing; Time; Urine; Workplace; alcohol monitoring; alcohol screening; arm; base; care seeking; clinical decision-making; cost; detector; drug of abuse; drug testing; evaporation; illicit drug detection; instrument; interest; ion mobility; minimally invasive; nanocomposite; novel; point of care; point-of-care diagnostics; problem drinker; programs; sample collection; sensor; sound; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I proposal focuses on the development of a high-speed chromatographic analysis system based on a chemical sensor array that is specialized for the detection of ethanol and narcotics. The core technology is a miniature gas chromatograph that will utilize a dual detector system based on a MEMS microcapacitor sensor array and an ethanol detector. The MEMS sensor array will be coated with several chemoselective polymers optimized for the detection of narcotics while the transdermal ethanol sensor will be based on a chemiresistor or an electrochemical cell. A novel thermal desorber will be built into the inlet of the Mini-GC that vaporizes traces of drugs off a sampling collection device. The vaporized analytes are preconcentrated on a sorbent with increased relative adsorption strength for the analytes of interest prior to the chromatographic separation and subsequent detection with the dual sensor array. The analytical instrument will provide a low-cost, minimal invasive, point-of-care diagnostic platform for the detection of drug traces in near-real time. The proposed drug screening device will be an alternative to state of the art chromatographic desktop and immunoassay drug tests, with the sample preparation being based on trace detection rather than the analysis of a urine or blood sample. One of the intended applications of the diagnostic tool is for an emergency department where patients can be quickly screened for alcohol and drugs, which will provide physicians with an initial assessment of patients to facilitate the treatment decision making. The idea of monitoring transdermal alcohol by means of an ankle bracelet for instance, and the trace detection of narcotics by ion mobility spectroscopy have both been applied separately for years; however, the two concepts have never before been combined in one instrument and made available at low cost. Seacoast's Mini-GC with the dual detector system will close this gap. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Persons adversely affected by drugs of abuse comprise a substantial proportion of the patients that seek care in emergency departments. Seacoast Science proposes a fast, point-of-care drug screen test that will provide physicians with an initial assessment of patients to facilitate the treatment decision making. The test can be applied to every patient seeking emergency care, since the test is minimal invasive by collecting traces of narcotics and transdermal alcohol from a patient's skin, rather than requiring a blood or urine sample.

描述（由申请人提供）：本小型企业创新研究第一阶段提案的重点是基于专门用于检测乙醇和麻醉品的化学传感器阵列开发高速色谱分析系统。核心技术是一个微型气相色谱仪，将利用基于MEMS微电容传感器阵列和乙醇检测器的双检测器系统。MEMS传感器阵列将涂有几种化学选择性聚合物，用于检测麻醉品，而透皮乙醇传感器将基于化学电阻器或电化学电池。一种新型的热解吸附器将内置于微型GC的入口，该入口将从采样收集装置中蒸发痕量药物。在色谱分离和随后用双传感器阵列检测之前，将蒸发的分析物预浓缩在对感兴趣的分析物具有增加的相对吸附强度的吸附剂上。该分析仪器将提供一个低成本、微创的即时诊断平台，用于近实时检测药物痕迹。拟议的药物筛查装置将是最先进的色谱桌面和免疫测定药物测试的替代方案，样品制备基于痕量检测，而不是尿液或血液样品的分析。该诊断工具的预期应用之一是用于急诊科，在急诊科可以快速筛查患者的酒精和药物，这将为医生提供对患者的初步评估，以促进治疗决策。例如，通过踝环监测透皮酒精的想法和通过离子迁移谱法检测毒品的痕量的想法已经分别应用了多年;然而，这两个概念以前从未在一个仪器中结合，并且以低成本提供。Seacoast的Mini-GC双检测器系统将缩小这一差距。 公共卫生相关性：在急诊室寻求治疗的病人中，有很大一部分是受滥用药物不良影响的人。Seacoast Science提出了一种快速的即时药物筛选测试，该测试将为医生提供对患者的初步评估，以促进治疗决策。该测试可以应用于每一个寻求紧急护理的病人，因为该测试是微创的，通过从病人的皮肤收集微量的麻醉剂和透皮酒精，而不需要血液或尿液样本。