Point-of-care Testing for Illicit Drugs and Alcohol Intoxication in an Emergency

紧急情况下非法药物和酒精中毒的现场检测

• 批准号: 8453852
• 负责人: Marcel Benz
• 金额: $ 49.68万
• 依托单位: SEACOAST SCIENCE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8453852
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; Affect; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Ankle; Area; Aviation; Bedside Testings; Blood; Blood specimen; Caring; Cities; Computer software; Consumption; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnostic; Diagnostic tests; Drug Costs; Drug Tolerance; Emergency Care; Emergency Situation; Emergency treatment; Engineering; Environment; Ethanol; Face; Forensic Medicine; Gases; Gel; Goals; Hand; Harvest; Head Start Program; Health; Health Sciences; Hour; Illicit Drugs; Immunoassay; Institutes; Institution; Intake; Laboratories; Law Enforcement; Letters; Libraries; Marketing; Measurement; Medical; Medical center; Military Personnel; Mission; Modification; Monitor; Motor; Names; Narcotics; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Physicians; Policies; Polymers; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Quartz; Railroads; Resolution; Safety; Sampling; Science; Security; Semiconductors; Skin; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Surface; Swab; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Urine; Vision; Wireless Technology; Workplace; alcohol monitoring; arm; base; care seeking; clinical decision-making; cost; detector; drug of abuse; illicit drug detection; improved; instrument; interest; ion mobility; metal oxide; minimally invasive; next generation; non-drug; novel; point of care; point-of-care diagnostics; pressure; problem drinker; programs; prototype; public health relevance; research study; sample collection; screening; sensor; sound; tool; vapor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I proposal focuses on the development of a small-sized, portable, point-of-contact analytical instrument; a screening tool for the simultaneous detection of alcohol and narcotics. The core technology is a miniature gas chromatograph (Mini-GC) that uses a multi-detector system to analyze the drug traces. Persons adversely affected by drugs of abuse comprise a substantial proportion of the patients that seek care in emergency departments. Seacoast's envisioned low-cost drug screener will provide physicians with an initial assessment of patients to facilitate the treatment decision making and enhance patient throughput. Most importantly, the screening test is non-invasive, does not require a blood or urine sample, but instead collects traces of narcotics and transdermal alcohol from a patient's skin. The sample swabs will be an enhanced version of what is currently used at airports to look for explosives traces. Seacoast's novel Mini GC is independent of bulky carrier gas tanks but has the needed sensitivity through a combination of a synergistic sensor set. Specifically, a polymer coated quartz crystal microbalance, a metal oxide semiconductor, and an electrochemical ethanol sensor from the gas chromatograph's detector module. The idea of monitoring transdermal alcohol by means of an ankle bracelet and the trace detection of narcotics by ion mobility spectroscopy have both been applied separately for years; however, the two concepts have never before been combined in one instrument and made available at low cost. Seacoast's next generation Mini-GC with the multi-detector system will close this gap. This Phase II program is supported by UCSD's Medical Center ER team, which will organize an emergency department field trial where Seacoast's diagnostic Mini-GC will be compared to state-of- the-art urine or blood based toxicological laboratory tests.

描述（由申请人提供）：该小型企业创新研究第一阶段提案的重点是开发小型、便携式、接触点分析仪器；同时检测酒精和麻醉品的筛查工具。其核心技术是微型气相色谱仪（Mini-GC），它使用多检测器系统来分析药物痕量。 受到滥用药物不利影响的人在急诊科就诊的患者中占很大比例。 Seacoast 设想的低成本药物筛选器将为医生提供对患者的初步评估，以促进 治疗决策并提高患者吞吐量。最重要的是，筛查测试是非侵入性的，不需要血液或尿液样本，而是从患者皮肤收集微量麻醉剂和透皮酒精。样本拭子将是目前机场用于寻找爆炸物痕迹的样本拭子的增强版本。 海岸小说《Mini》 GC 独立于庞大的载气罐，但通过协同传感器组的组合具有所需的灵敏度。具体来说，是气相色谱仪检测器模块中的聚合物涂层石英晶体微天平、金属氧化物半导体和电化学乙醇传感器。 通过脚镯监测透皮酒精的想法和通过离子淌度光谱法痕量检测麻醉剂的想法已经分别应用了多年；然而，这两个概念以前从未被合并在一种仪器中并以低成本提供。 Seacoast 配备多检测器系统的下一代 Mini-GC 将弥补这一差距。 该第二阶段计划得到了 UCSD 医疗中心 ER 团队的支持，该团队将组织一次急诊科现场试验，将 Seacoast 的诊断性 Mini-GC 与最先进的基于尿液或血液的毒理学实验室测试进行比较。