Multi-view, Photon Counting DXA Scanner for Quantitative Musculoskeletal Imaging

用于定量肌肉骨骼成像的多视图、光子计数 DXA 扫描仪

• 批准号: 8125647
• 负责人: Thomas J Beck
• 金额: $ 23.79万
• 依托单位: QUANTUM MEDICAL METRICS, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8125647
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Adult; Body Regions; Bone Density; Calibration; Characteristics; Clinical; Complex; Computers; Data; Densitometry; Disease; Dose; Engineering; Equipment; Evaluation; Filtration; Fracture; Funding; Goals; Human; Human Volunteers; Image; Institutional Review Boards; Joints; Left; Licensing; Location; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Modeling; Musculoskeletal; Obesity; Orthopedics; Osteoporosis; Patients; Pediatrics; Performance; Phase; Photons; Physics; Physiologic pulse; Predisposition; Property; Radiation; Research; Resolution; Scanning; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solutions; Source; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Universities; Variant; Vendor; Work; arm; base; bone; bone geometry; bone strength; cost; density; design; detector; diagnostic accuracy; engineering design; expectation; falls; flexibility; human subject; improved; in vivo; medical schools; musculoskeletal imaging; neonate; osteoporosis with pathological fracture; prototype; skeletal; two-dimensional

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The fragility of osteoporotic bones is largely due to alterations in the underlying structural geometry. Research has demonstrated that it is possible to measure the mechanical geometry of human bones in vivo using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. However DXA scanners are designed to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and not structural geometry. The 2-dimensional relatively poor quality images adequate for BMD are not well suited to measuring geometry of 3-dimensional bones. In this Phase I SBIR project we propose to use a full-sized benchtop system to test the properties of a multiple-projection DXA scanner designed to measure bone geometry in any body region with higher quality image data. The scanner will employ a multi-row array of counting detectors in a slot-scanning configuration to produce higher quality material decompositions and higher spatial resolution than any existing DXA system. The scanner is designed to accommodate projections through thick body regions or obese patients with little loss of SNR by adjusting the x-ray flux, scan time and or the spectral filter. In this project the system design will be completed so that a human capable prototype can be built and tested on humans in Phase 2. The C-arm gantry design is to be configured for scanning of the entire body with sizes from neonate to 99th percentile adults with the patient either recumbent or erect. It will also scan anybody sub-region in any axial projection. The system design employs a flexible detector interface and scanning configuration so that counting detectors from several vendors may be tested. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Bone densitometry scanners are designed to measure bone density as way to determine if patients are susceptible to osteoporotic fractures but current scanners are accurate only 50% of the time. The principles used in bone densitometry scanners can be employed to measure the bone structure for a more direct evaluation of bone strength, but scanners need better image quality and the ability to view bones from multiple directions. The purpose of this proposal is to test the principles of an x-ray scanner that uses spectral information to provide multiple high-quality views of patient's bones so that strength can be estimated using engineering methods. If successful a scanner capable of scanning patients either erect or recumbent will be built in Phase 2 and tested on human volunteers.

描述（由申请人提供）：骨质疏松性骨的脆弱性主要是由于基础结构几何形状的改变。研究表明，可以使用双能X射线吸收测量法（DXA）扫描来测量体内人体骨骼的力学几何形状。然而，DXA扫描仪设计用于测量骨矿物质密度（BMD），而不是结构几何形状。适合BMD的2维相对较差质量的图像不太适合测量3维骨骼的几何形状。在这个第一阶段SBIR项目中，我们建议使用一个全尺寸的台式系统来测试多投影DXA扫描仪的性能，该扫描仪设计用于测量具有更高质量图像数据的任何身体区域的骨几何形状。该扫描仪将采用多排计数探测器阵列的狭缝扫描配置，以产生更高质量的材料分解和更高的空间分辨率比任何现有的DXA系统。该扫描仪设计用于通过调整X射线通量、扫描时间和/或光谱滤波器来适应通过厚身体区域或肥胖患者的投影，而SNR损失很小。在本项目中，将完成系统设计，以便在第2阶段构建具有人类能力的原型并在人类身上进行测试。C形臂机架设计配置用于扫描整个身体，尺寸从新生儿到第99百分位成人，患者卧位或直立。它还将扫描任何轴向投影中的任何子区域。系统设计采用灵活的探测器接口和扫描配置，以便可以测试来自多个供应商的计数探测器。 公共卫生相关性：骨密度测量扫描仪旨在测量骨密度，以确定患者是否容易发生骨质疏松性骨折，但目前的扫描仪只有50%的准确率。骨密度扫描仪中使用的原理可用于测量骨结构，以更直接地评估骨强度，但扫描仪需要更好的图像质量和从多个方向查看骨骼的能力。该提案的目的是测试X射线扫描仪的原理，该扫描仪使用光谱信息提供患者骨骼的多个高质量视图，以便可以使用工程方法估计强度。如果成功的话，一台能够扫描直立或躺着的病人的扫描仪将在第二阶段建造，并在人类志愿者身上进行测试。