Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
基本信息
- 批准号:8061070
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 4.63万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2011
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2011-02-04 至 2014-02-03
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AODD relapseAdoptedAffectBehaviorBehavioralBehavioral AssayBrainBrain regionCalibrationCognitiveCommitComplementCriminal JusticeDataDecision MakingDietEconomic ModelsEnvironmentFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingFutureGoalsHealthHumanImpairmentImpulsivityIndiumIndividualIndividual DifferencesInvestigationKnowledgeLateralLesionModelingNeuropsychologyOutcomeParticipantPathologyPatientsPatternPerformancePerfusionPersonsPoliciesPrefrontal CortexProcessRecoveryRecruitment ActivityResearchResourcesRetirementRewardsRunningSavingsSeriesSignal TransductionSubstance abuse problemTestingTimeTime PerceptionUncertaintyWorkaddictionbasediscountexpectationexperiencehealth economicsneuroimagingneuromechanismneuropsychologicalnovelnovel strategiespreferencerelating to nervous systemresearch studyresponsesobrietystatisticssuccesswillingness
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project examines the cognitive and neural basis of impulsive preference reversal. Human decision-makers sometimes abandon long run outcomes without achieving them. This tendency signals impulsivity, and is an obstacle to the fulfillment of goals involving scholastic success, retirement savings, and recovery from addiction. This work focuses on the distinction between situations where high persistence is warranted and situations where it is beneficial to be less patient. The first aim is to develop a behavioral task to test an individual's ability to adjust his or her level of persistence (upward or downward) to fit the requirements of a situation. Results will be used to inform a model of the underlying cognitive mechanisms. The second aim is to study the neural basis of these adjustments in persistence. Past evidence implicates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in related functions of value representation, impulsivity, and time perception. Functional magnetic resonance imaging will be used to assess neural engagement while participants perform the same simple task under conditions that either require high persistence or require frequent reversals. In addition, neuropsychological patients with frontal brain lesions will be tested behaviorally; observed patterns of deficit will be informative regarding the computational functions of the affected neural regions. This research will provide a better understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms through which people establish an appropriate level of persistence to achieve their long run goals.
PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research examines the neural basis of impulsivity and preference reversal. It is relevant to understanding why individuals show impulsivity (versus perseverance) in such contexts as substance abuse, scholastic performance, and economic and health-related decision-making.
描述(由申请者提供):本项目研究冲动性偏好逆转的认知和神经基础。人类决策者有时会放弃长期的结果,而不是实现这些结果。这种倾向是冲动的信号,是实现学业成功、退休储蓄和戒除毒瘾等目标的障碍。这项工作的重点是区分需要高度坚持的情况和不那么耐心有益的情况。第一个目标是开发一项行为任务,以测试一个人是否有能力调整他或她的毅力水平(向上或向下)以适应情况的要求。结果将被用来向模型提供潜在的认知机制。第二个目的是研究这些持续性调节的神经基础。过去的证据表明,腹内侧额前皮质与价值表征、冲动和时间知觉等相关功能有关。功能磁共振成像将被用来评估神经参与,而参与者在需要高持久性或需要频繁逆转的条件下执行相同的简单任务。此外,患有额部脑损伤的神经心理学患者将接受行为测试;观察到的缺陷模式将为有关受影响神经区域的计算功能提供信息。这项研究将使人们更好地理解认知和神经机制,通过这些机制,人们建立起适当水平的毅力,以实现他们的长期目标。
与公共健康相关:这项研究考察了冲动和偏好逆转的神经基础。它与理解为什么个体在药物滥用、学业成绩、经济和健康相关决策等方面表现出冲动(而不是毅力)有关。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Joseph T. McGuire其他文献
Assessing evidence accumulation and rule learning in humans with an online game
通过在线游戏评估人类的证据积累和规则学习
- DOI:
10.1101/2022.02.19.481071 - 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Quan Do;Gary A. Kane;Joseph T. McGuire;B. B. Scott - 通讯作者:
B. B. Scott
The valuation system: a coordinate-based meta-analysis examining BOLD correlates of subjective value
估值系统:基于坐标的荟萃分析,检验主观价值的 BOLD 相关性
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2013 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Joseph T. McGuire;Oscar Bartra;J. Kable - 通讯作者:
J. Kable
Deciding to Curtail Persistence
决定减少持久性
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2016 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Joseph T. McGuire;J. Kable - 通讯作者:
J. Kable
Choices favoring cognitive effort in a foraging environment decrease when multiple forms of effort and delay are interleaved
当多种形式的努力和延迟交织在一起时,在觅食环境中有利于认知努力的选择会减少
- DOI:
10.3758/s13415-021-00972-z - 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Claudio A. Toro;Gary A. Kane;Joseph T. McGuire - 通讯作者:
Joseph T. McGuire
Joseph T. McGuire的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Joseph T. McGuire', 18)}}的其他基金
The Role of Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Context-Dependent Valuation and Decision Processes
内侧前额叶皮层在上下文相关的评估和决策过程中的作用
- 批准号:
10658093 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 4.63万 - 项目类别:
Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
- 批准号:
8264224 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 4.63万 - 项目类别:
Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
- 批准号:
8423016 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 4.63万 - 项目类别:
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