The Role of Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Context-Dependent Valuation and Decision Processes

内侧前额叶皮层在上下文相关的评估和决策过程中的作用

基本信息

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Decisions in complex environments rely on context-sensitive processes for estimating the subjective value of available alternatives. A course of action that would be beneficial in one context might be disadvantageous in another. Context has an especially pronounced impact on how time and delay factor into decisions, with different levels of patience favored in different environments. Understanding the normative cognitive and neural mechanisms that support context-appropriate calibration of decision processes is a critical step toward understanding the seemingly impulsive or dysregulated decisions that occur in mental health conditions. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to contribute to integrative, context-sensitive estimates of subjective value via interactions with brain systems involved in memory, motivation, and time estimation. However, person-to-person variability in the anatomy and functional topography of vmPFC has limited our ability to target precise and meaningful cortical subregions in mechanistic studies of its normative role or in studies of clinical populations. The present project seeks to identify and characterize individual-level cortical subregions engaged during value-based decisions that require event-specific integration of temporal and contextual information. The project is a collaboration among investigators with expertise using neuroimaging and computational methods to study value-based decision making, context representation, and memory. Aim 1 will use a foraging-like experimental paradigm in which the value of engaging with a distinctive item depends on an episodic assessment of how recently it was previously encountered, with either recent (“fresh”) or non- recent (“ripe”) items having greater reward value in different contexts. We will use multi-session fMRI with a vmPFC-optimized acquisition protocol to identify individual-specific cortical regions that show activity modulated by recency-dependent value irrespective of physical item features or recency per se. We hypothesize that valuation effects will emerge in vmPFC subregions that are reproducible within-individual and have a systematic profile of functional connectivity with the medial temporal lobe and other brain structures. Aim 2 will develop a theoretical computational model of cognitive processes for flexibly translating episodic temporal information into decision value. We will test and refine the model on the basis of behavioral data and will test for model-predicted representations in our own fMRI data and other existing data sets. Aim 3 will examine situations in which patterns of context-dependent value must be disengaged and reinstated on the basis of feedback in a changing environment, and will use fMRI to examine signals associated with contextual updating in vmPFC and medial temporal lobes. Results from the project will advance our fundamental understanding of brain processes that support contextually adaptive decision behavior in complex environments and will lead to new methods for identifying meaningful cortical analysis targets in future studies of health conditions characterized by maladaptive patterns of decision making.
项目总结/摘要 复杂环境中的决策依赖于上下文敏感的过程来估计 可用的替代品。在一种情况下有益的行动方针在另一种情况下可能是不利的。 另背景对时间和延迟如何影响决策具有特别明显的影响, 在不同的环境中有不同程度的耐心。理解规范性认知和神经 支持决策过程的上下文适当校准的机制是实现这一目标的关键一步 理解在心理健康状况下发生的看似冲动或失调的决定。 腹内侧前额叶皮层(vmPFC)被认为有助于整合,上下文敏感的估计, 通过与涉及记忆、动机和时间估计的大脑系统的相互作用来获得主观价值。 然而,人与人之间VMPFC的解剖和功能地形的差异限制了我们的研究。 在其规范作用的机制研究中或在 临床人群的研究。本项目旨在识别和表征个体水平的皮质 参与基于价值的决策的次区域,这些决策需要结合具体事件, 上下文信息。该项目是研究人员之间的合作与专业知识使用神经成像 和计算方法来研究基于价值的决策,上下文表示和记忆。要求1 我将使用一种类似觅食的实验范式,在这种范式中, 根据对它以前遇到的时间的情景评估,无论是最近的(“新鲜”)还是非- 最近的(“成熟的”)项目在不同的上下文中具有更大的奖励值。我们将使用多时段功能磁共振成像, vmPFC优化的采集协议,用于识别显示活动的个体特定皮质区域 由与物理项特征或新近度本身无关的新近度相关值来调制。我们 假设估值效应将出现在vmPFC子区域,这些子区域在个体内可重复, 与内侧颞叶和其他大脑结构有系统的功能连接。 目标2将发展一个认知过程的理论计算模型, 时间信息转化为决策值。我们将在行为数据的基础上测试和完善模型, 将在我们自己的fMRI数据和其他现有数据集中测试模型预测的表示。目标3将 检查情境依赖价值的模式必须脱离并恢复的情况, 在不断变化的环境中的反馈的基础上,并将使用功能磁共振成像检查与上下文相关的信号, 在vmPFC和内侧颞叶更新。该项目的成果将推动我们的基本 理解支持复杂环境中情境适应性决策行为的大脑过程 环境,并将导致新的方法,确定有意义的皮层分析目标,在未来的研究 健康状况的特点是决策模式不适应。

项目成果

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Joseph T. McGuire其他文献

Go means green
Go意味着绿色
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2014
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    25
  • 作者:
    Joseph T. McGuire;J. Kable
  • 通讯作者:
    J. Kable
Assessing evidence accumulation and rule learning in humans with an online game
通过在线游戏评估人类的证据积累和规则学习
  • DOI:
    10.1101/2022.02.19.481071
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Quan Do;Gary A. Kane;Joseph T. McGuire;B. B. Scott
  • 通讯作者:
    B. B. Scott
The valuation system: a coordinate-based meta-analysis examining BOLD correlates of subjective value
估值系统:基于坐标的荟萃分析,检验主观价值的 BOLD 相关性
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2013
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Joseph T. McGuire;Oscar Bartra;J. Kable
  • 通讯作者:
    J. Kable
Deciding to Curtail Persistence
决定减少持久性
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Joseph T. McGuire;J. Kable
  • 通讯作者:
    J. Kable
Choices favoring cognitive effort in a foraging environment decrease when multiple forms of effort and delay are interleaved
当多种形式的努力和延迟交织在一起时,在觅食环境中有利于认知努力的选择会减少

Joseph T. McGuire的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Joseph T. McGuire', 18)}}的其他基金

Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
  • 批准号:
    8061070
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 58.19万
  • 项目类别:
Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
  • 批准号:
    8264224
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 58.19万
  • 项目类别:
Temporal dynamics and neural mechanisms of preference reversal
偏好逆转的时间动力学和神经机制
  • 批准号:
    8423016
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 58.19万
  • 项目类别:

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