Brain Imaging of Newborns with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

患有胎儿酒精综合症的新生儿的脑部成像

基本信息

批准号：
8192312
负责人：
SANDRA W. JACOBSON
金额：
$ 24.25万
依托单位：
WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-01 至 2013-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8192312
关键词：
Adult Affect Alcohol abuse Alcohol dependence Alcohol-Related Disorders Alcohols Algorithms Atlases Award Behavioral Biological Markers Blinking Brain Brain imaging Brain region Brain scan Caring Cerebellum Cerebrum Child Childhood Corpus Callosum Data Data Set Diagnosis Disease Early identification Education Environmental Exposure Etiology Female of child bearing age Fetal Alcohol Exposure Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Future General Hospitals Gestational Age Grant Gray unit of radiation dose Growth Hand Health Heavy Drinking Hippocampus (Brain)Image Impairment Incidence Infant Label Learning Life Location Long-Term Effects Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Massachusetts Measures Methods Mothers Nature Neonatal Neurocognitive Neurologic Examination Neurological outcome Neurons Newborn Infant Noise Parietal Parietal Lobe Performance Population Postpartum Period Pregnancy Pregnant Women Procedures Public Health Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Research Sampling Scanning School-Age Population Shapes Site South Africa Structure Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Third Pregnancy Trimester Time Variant alcohol exposure base behavioral impairment caudate nucleus conditioning cost cost effective craniofacial fetal imaging Segmentation improved indexing infancy knowledge base morphometry myelination neonate neural circuit neurobehavioral neuroimaging neuropsychological parietal lobe cortex prenatal exposure relating to nervous system tool white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Since 1998, we have been collaborating on research on fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in Cape Town, South Africa, where the incidence of FAS is among the highest in the world. In 2005 we were funded to implement the first fMRI studies in South Africa and in 2008 were awarded an R01 to use neuroimaging in school-age children to examine the cerebellar neural circuitry related to eyeblink conditioning (EBC), which we recently identified as a strikingly reliable potential biomarker of FAS and other alcohol-related disorders. The R01 also includes funding to recruit heavy drinking pregnant women and controls for a neurobehavioral study of EBC at 6 months postpartum. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, a world-wide public health problem whose long-term effects include significant neurocognitive impairment, is difficult to diagnose in infancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies with adults and children have shown that specific brain regions are disproportionately affected. Volumetric MRI measures in the first weeks of life may detect early differences in regional volumes and provide a more sensitive index of future neurological outcome than standard newborn behavioral or neurological examinations. To date, few studies have been conducted using MRI cerebral morphometry segmentation in neonates, which currently requires hand labeling and is, therefore, too labor intensive for large data sets. We propose to conduct the first structural MRI study in newborns exposed prenatally to alcohol. Two groups of pregnant women will be recruited-35 heavy alcohol users and 35 non-exposed controls. The aims are (1) to determine which brain structures are disproportionately smaller in neonates with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure; (2) to test whether prenatal exposure- related volumetric reductions in specific neonatal brain regions predict neurobehavioral performance deficits at 6 months; and (3) to use information-theoretic registration techniques to examine alterations in shape and location of specific brain structures in prenatally exposed neonates. An atlas will be constructed from the data from healthy neonatal controls to validate and refine automated segmentation tools currently being developed at Massachusetts General Hospital to permit faster and more efficient labeling of infant brain structures. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and alcohol-related disorders are an important worldwide health problem and a major public health issue in South Africa, whose long-term effects include significant, irreversible neurocognitive and behavioral impairment. Since FAS and alcohol-related disorders are difficult to diagnose in infancy, identification of morphological effects in specific brain regions in the neonate can advance understanding of the etiology of these disorders, improve diagnosis, and permit earlier identification of affected children. This research will also provide high quality neonatal neuroimaging data from healthy newborns to be used in refinement of automated methods for segmentation of infant brain scans.

描述（由申请人提供）：自1998年以来，我们就一直在南非开普敦的胎儿酒精综合症研究（FAS）进行合作，那里的FAS发病率是世界上最高的。 2005年，我们被资助用于在南非实施第一批fMRI研究，并于2008年被授予R01，用于使用学龄儿童中的神经影像学检查与Eykeblink条件（EBC）有关的小脑神经电路（EBC），我们最近被认为是FAS和其他酒精和其他酒精相关的差异的潜在生物标志物。 R01还包括资金来招募大量饮用的孕妇和对照组，用于产后6个月的EBC神经行为研究。胎儿酒精谱系障碍是一种全球公共卫生问题，其长期影响包括重大神经认知障碍，在婴儿期很难诊断。对成人和儿童的磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明，特定的大脑区域受到了不成比例的影响。与标准的新生儿行为或神经系统检查相比，生命的头几周在生命的头几周内进行的MRI测量可能会检测到区域体积的早期差异，并提供了更敏感的未来神经系统结果指数。迄今为止，使用新生儿中的MRI脑形态分割进行了研究，目前需要手动标记，因此对于大型数据集而言，劳动力密集度过多。我们建议在产前暴露于酒精的新生儿中进行第一项结构性MRI研究。两组孕妇将被招募35名重型酒精使用者和35个非暴露对照。目的是（1）确定在产前大量酒精暴露的新生儿中，哪些大脑结构较小；（2）测试特定的新生儿大脑区域的产前暴露 - 相关的体积减少是否可以预测6个月时神经行为的性能缺陷；（3）使用信息理论登记技术来检查产前暴露的新生儿特定脑结构的形状和位置的变化。将从健康的新生儿控制中的数据中构建一个地图集，以验证和完善马萨诸塞州综合医院正在开发的自动分割工具，以允许对婴儿脑结构的更快，更有效的标签。公共卫生相关性：胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）和与酒精有关的疾病是全球重要的健康问题，也是南非的重大公共卫生问题，其长期影响包括重大的，不可逆的神经认知和行为障碍。由于FAS和与酒精有关的疾病在婴儿期很难诊断，因此新生儿特定大脑区域中形态学作用的鉴定可以提高对这些疾病的病因，改善诊断的理解，并允许对受影响儿童的早期识别。这项研究还将提供来自健康新生儿的高质量新生神经影像学数据，用于细化婴儿脑扫描的自动化方法。