HIV Prevention among African Americans: A Media Campaign

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国异性恋传播的艾滋病病毒感染率显著高于白人。同时的伴侣关系（在时间上重叠的性伴侣关系）通过性网络加速艾滋病毒的传播，比拥有相同数量性伴侣的连续一夫一妻制更有效，而且在非裔美国人中比白人更常见。最近的数学模拟表明，同居伙伴关系流行率的小幅下降可导致人口艾滋病毒传播的显着变化。尽管成功控制美国的艾滋病毒流行最终需要关注促进aa高并发率的强大背景力量，但迫切需要采取行为干预措施，促进更安全的性行为，改变不良的性网络模式。本研究的目的是制定有效的大众媒体信息和策略，通过减少同时发生的性伙伴关系来减少艾滋病病毒在艾滋病患者中的传播。我们将对北卡罗来纳州东部7个县18-34岁的AA男性和女性进行定性和定量研究，目的是：1)构建针对并行伙伴关系参与的预防信息和沟通策略。2)与一家成熟的传播公司合作，设计并实施一项文化上有能力的为期8个月的大众传播活动，告知AAs并发性行为与艾滋病毒传播之间的关系，并降低他们参与这种网络模式的意愿。3)通过在活动前后对600名男性和女性进行电话调查，评估活动对aa对并发性行为、报告的并发性伙伴关系参与情况和报告的安全套使用情况的态度、信念和规范的影响。这项研究代表了大众媒体运动发展的关键的第一步，该运动将在美国东南部农村和整个国家的AAs的多组件艾滋病毒预防计划中发挥关键作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): U.S. rates of heterosexually transmitted HIV infection are dramatically higher among AAs than Whites. Concurrent partnerships (sexual partnerships that overlap in time) speed transmission of HIV through sexual networks much more effectively than does serial monogamy with the same total number of sexual partners and are more common among AAs than Whites. Recent mathematical simulations demonstrate that small decreases in the prevalence of concurrent partnerships can result in marked changes in population HIV transmission. Although successful control of the US HIV epidemic will ultimately require attention to the powerful contextual forces that promote AAs' high concurrency rates, there is an urgent need for behavioral interventions that reach large groups of people to promote safer sex practices and change adverse sexual network patterns. The goal of this research is to develop effective mass media messages and strategies to decrease HIV transmission among AAs by reducing concurrent sexual partnerships. We will conduct qualitative and quantitative research among AA men and women, ages 18-34, in 7 eastern North Carolina counties to: 1) Construct prevention messages and communication strategies that target participation in concurrent partnerships. 2) Work with an established communications firm to design and implement a culturally competent eight-month mass communication campaign that informs AAs about the relationship between concurrency and HIV dissemination and decreases their willingness to participate in this network pattern. 3) Evaluate the campaign's effects on AAs' attitudes, beliefs, and norms about concurrency, reported participation in concurrent partnerships, and reported condom use through the conduct of phone surveys among 600 men and women before and after the campaign. This research represents a critical first step in the development of a mass media campaign that will play a key role in a multi-component HIV prevention program for AAs in the rural Southeastern US and throughout the nation.