Preparing Trainees in Neurology and Neurosurgery for Academic Research Careers

描述(由申请人提供)：项目描述：许多学术神经学家和神经外科医生注意到，在过去十年中，有兴趣从事学术医学职业的住院医师计划实习生数量呈下降趋势。这可能会对神经生物学基础和应用研究的未来产生不利影响，特别是在以下方面：(A)产生神经科学方面的新知识；(B)了解基础神经科学和临床医学之间的关系；(C)开发诊断和治疗神经系统疾病的工具。我们的前提是，同样受过临床神经学或神经外科培训的神经科学家和流行病学家代表着我们未来在开发和转化知识方面的最大希望，以扩大临床神经科学的治疗选择。这项申请建议开发一个组织结构和教育计划，用于培训芝加哥大学神经学和神经外科住院医师的日常研究工作，导致尊重人类和动物的诚实科学的伦理考虑，导致可解释的结果的实验设计和统计分析，以及包含重要问题和明确说明的回答方法的拨款提案的撰写。将根据确定合适的导师和制定有前景的研究方案来提供研究培训，以选择住院医生。在研究教育的第一阶段，神经学住院医师将在他们的PGY3和PGY4年内在临床或基础神经科学实验室进行6-12个月的指导研究。神经外科住院医生将在他们的PGY4年中进行为期12个月的指导研究。第二阶段的研究培训将在神经学研究员年或神经外科住院医师的PGY5年期间进行。在第一阶段，每周一次的晚间研讨会课程将涵盖实验设计、研究实施和伦理以及生物统计学等问题。在第二阶段的研究过程中，将开设为期一年的赠款撰写研讨会课程和四分之一的负责任的研究行为课程，并辅以神经科学和/或流行病学的选修课程。预计所有参与者都将在第二阶段结束前完成NIH的研究申请，可能是K08或K23申请。 与公共卫生的相关性：最近进入学术医学的神经学和神经外科受训人数的下降趋势可能会对神经科学新知识的发展和神经系统疾病诊断和治疗新工具的开发产生不利影响。我们的目标是通过向临床神经学和神经外科的受训人员传授有效研究的原则、实践和伦理来改善这种情况。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Program Description: Many academic neurologists and neurosurgeons have noted a downward trend over the past decade in the numbers of trainees in residency programs who are interested in pursuing careers in academic medicine. This could adversely affect the future of basic and applied research in neurobiology, particularly with respect to (a) generation of new knowledge in the neurosciences; (b) understanding the relationships between basic neuroscience and clinical medicine; and (c) development of tools for diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system. It is our premise that neuroscientists and epidemiologists, also trained in clinical neurology or neurosurgery, represent our best hope for the future in developing and translating knowledge to expand treatment options in clinical neuroscience. This application proposes to develop an organizational structure and educational program for training neurology and neurosurgery residents at The University of Chicago in the day-to-day conduct of research, the ethical considerations that lead to honest science that is respectful of humans and animals, experimental design and statistical analysis that lead to interpretable results with impact, and the writing of grant proposals that contain important questions and clearly stated methods of answering them. Research training will be offered to select residents based on identification of an appropriate mentor and development of a promising research proposal. During a first phase of research education, neurology residents will perform 6-12 months of mentored research in a clinical or basic neuroscience laboratory within their PGY3 and PGY4 years. Neurosurgery residents will perform 12 months of mentored research during their PGY4 year. The second phase of research training will occur during the neurology fellowship years or the PGY5 year of the neurosurgery residency. A weekly evening seminar course during phase I will cover issues of experimental design, research implementation and ethics, and biostatistics. A year-long seminar course in grant-writing and a one-quarter course in the responsible conduct of research, accompanied by optional neuroscience and/or epidemiology coursework will accompany the Phase II research experience. All participants are expected to have an NIH research application, probably a K08 or K23 application, completed by the end of Phase II. Public Health Relevance: The recent downward trend in the numbers of neurological and neurosurgical trainees entering academic medicine could adversely affect the development of new knowledge in the neurosciences and the development of new tools for diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system. We aim to ameliorate this situation by teaching trainees in clinical neurology and neurosurgery the principles, practices, and ethics of effective research.