Longitudinal Research to Assess HIV Risk and Resilience Among Trans-Female Youth

评估跨性别女性青少年的艾滋病毒风险和复原力的纵向研究

• 批准号: 8303227
• 负责人: William McFarland
• 金额: $ 35.5万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION ENTERPRISES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-18 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8303227
• 关键词: 4 year old; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent Development; Adolescent Medicine; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Behavioral; Cities; Communities; Contracts; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Death Rate; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Early treatment; Economics; Education; Employment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiologist; Face; Female; Future; Gender Issues; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Mails; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Physicians; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; San Francisco; Scientist; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Specialist; Stigmata; Target Populations; Technology; Testing; Time; Translating; Woman; Work; Youth; design; effective intervention; evidence base; experience; high risk; innovation; meetings; men who have sex with men; novel; prevent; resilience; self esteem; sex; skills; social; social networking website; social stigma; transgender

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The majority of new HIV cases in the US occur among youth under 25 years old. Among infected youth, most are part of marginalized populations. Transgender female youth are a stigmatized and marginalized youth population disproportionately at risk for HIV. The two HIV risk studies of transgender female youth to date have found that one in five are HIV-infected before the age of 25. In San Francisco, transyouth have the highest HIV prevalence of any population, the highest proportion of AIDS cases among youth, and the fastest rate of death due to AIDS in the city. Despite their extraordinary risk for HIV, transgender female youth are understudied in the scientific literature. Gaps in the data exist due to cross-sectional study designs with convenience samples of transyouth who represent only the most risky sub- populations. In part due to these gaps, to date there are no HIV prevention interventions that have been developed specifically for this population. We propose to conduct a longitudinal qualitative and epidemiological study of 300 transgender female youth ages 16-24 years to examine HIV-related risk behaviors and identify protective factors for resilience. We will reach and retain participants by taking an innovative approach to adapting respondent driven sampling using socially interactive technologies. The Specific Aims of this application are to adapt and refine measures of protective factors and to explore resilience among transyouth, determine risk factors specific to development that explain engagement in HIV-related risk behaviors among transyouth, and identify protective factors for HIV-related risk behaviors among transyouth. The methods to be investigated, refined, and applied for this research are critical to the evidence base of HIV prevention for diverse populations of MSM and other marginalized groups. This proposed project will fill important gaps in the literature by providing the first set of causal data from a diverse, representative sample of transyouth addressing both the challenges this population faces and the strengths they possess to ultimately intervene to reduce HIV infection.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国25岁以下的年轻人中，大多数新的HIV病例发生。在受感染的青年中，大多数是边缘化人群的一部分。跨性别女性青年是一个受到艾滋病毒风险的污名化和边缘化的青年人口。迄今为止，对跨性别女性青年的两项艾滋病毒风险研究发现，五分之一是在25岁之前感染了艾滋病毒。尽管对艾滋病毒的危险很大，但跨性别女性青年在科学文献中仍在研究。数据中的差距是由于横截面研究设计而出现的，其便利性横断面样本仅代表最风险的地下种群。部分由于这些差距，迄今为止，还没有专门针对该人群制定的HIV预防干预措施。我们建议对300名16-24岁的跨性别女性青年进行纵向定性和流行病学研究，以检查与HIV相关的风险行为，并确定弹性的保护因素。我们将采用一种创新的方法来与参与者联系并保留参与者，以使用社会互动技术调整受访者驱动的抽样。本应用的具体目的是适应和完善保护性因素的措施并探索跨山脉之间的韧性，确定特定于开发的风险因素，这些风险因素解释了跨山脉之间与HIV相关的风险行为的参与，并确定针对Transyouth中与HIV相关风险行为的保护因素。该研究要研究，完善和应用的方法对于MSM和其他边缘化群体的不同种群的HIV预防证据基础至关重要。该提议的项目将通过从多样化的，代表性的跨山脉样本中提供第一个因果数据来填补文献中的重要空白，从而解决了人口所面临的挑战以及他们最终所具备的优势以减少HIV感染。