Longitudinal Research to Assess HIV Risk and Resilience Among Transgender Female

评估跨性别女性的艾滋病毒风险和复原力的纵向研究

• 批准号: 8209671
• 负责人: William McFarland
• 金额: $ 34.59万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION ENTERPRISES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-18 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8209671
• 关键词: 4 year old; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent Development; Adolescent Medicine; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Behavioral; Cities; Communities; Contracts; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Death Rate; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Early treatment; Economics; Education; Employment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiologist; Face; Female; Future; Gender Issues; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Mails; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Physicians; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; San Francisco; Scientist; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Specialist; Stigmata; Target Populations; Technology; Testing; Time; Translating; Woman; Work; Youth; design; effective intervention; evidence base; experience; high risk; innovation; meetings; men who have sex with men; novel; prevent; resilience; self esteem; sex; skills; social; social networking website; social stigma; transgender

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The majority of new HIV cases in the US occur among youth under 25 years old. Among infected youth, most are part of marginalized populations. Transgender female youth are a stigmatized and marginalized youth population disproportionately at risk for HIV. The two HIV risk studies of transgender female youth to date have found that one in five are HIV-infected before the age of 25. In San Francisco, transyouth have the highest HIV prevalence of any population, the highest proportion of AIDS cases among youth, and the fastest rate of death due to AIDS in the city. Despite their extraordinary risk for HIV, transgender female youth are understudied in the scientific literature. Gaps in the data exist due to cross-sectional study designs with convenience samples of transyouth who represent only the most risky sub- populations. In part due to these gaps, to date there are no HIV prevention interventions that have been developed specifically for this population. We propose to conduct a longitudinal qualitative and epidemiological study of 300 transgender female youth ages 16-24 years to examine HIV-related risk behaviors and identify protective factors for resilience. We will reach and retain participants by taking an innovative approach to adapting respondent driven sampling using socially interactive technologies. The Specific Aims of this application are to adapt and refine measures of protective factors and to explore resilience among transyouth, determine risk factors specific to development that explain engagement in HIV-related risk behaviors among transyouth, and identify protective factors for HIV-related risk behaviors among transyouth. The methods to be investigated, refined, and applied for this research are critical to the evidence base of HIV prevention for diverse populations of MSM and other marginalized groups. This proposed project will fill important gaps in the literature by providing the first set of causal data from a diverse, representative sample of transyouth addressing both the challenges this population faces and the strengths they possess to ultimately intervene to reduce HIV infection. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: ffective interventions are needed to reduce behavioral risk for HIV among marginalized populations of MSM, including transgender female youth. Our goals are to determine the factors most contributing to HIV risk for transgender female youth and identify protective factors that can be utilized in interventions targeting this disproportionately affected community. These findings will ultimately be translated in into concepts appropriate for the design of effective interventions for HIV prevention within this population. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study will longitudinally investigate HIV risk and resilience among transgender female youth. Recent studies show high HIV infection rates among transgender female youth, yet little data exists about the population. The results of the proposed study will inform the development of an intervention for this population based on causal data and proven recruitment and retention methods.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国大多数新的艾滋病毒病例发生在25岁以下的青年中。在受感染的青年中，大多数是边缘化人口。跨性别女青年是一个被污名化和边缘化的青年人口，不成比例地面临感染艾滋病毒的风险。迄今对变性女青年进行的两项艾滋病毒风险研究发现，五分之一的人在25岁之前感染艾滋病毒。在弗朗西斯科，跨州人口的艾滋病毒感染率最高，青年艾滋病病例比例最高，艾滋病死亡率最高。尽管变性女青年感染艾滋病毒的风险很大，但科学文献对她们的研究不足。数据中存在的差距是由于横截面研究设计与方便的样本transyouth谁只代表最危险的亚群。部分由于这些差距，迄今为止还没有专门为这一人群制定艾滋病毒预防干预措施。我们建议对300名16-24岁的变性女性青年进行纵向定性和流行病学研究，以检查艾滋病毒相关的风险行为，并确定弹性的保护因素。我们将采取创新的方法，利用社交互动技术调整受访者驱动的抽样，从而接触并留住参与者。本申请的具体目的是调整和完善保护因素的措施，并探讨transyouth之间的弹性，确定特定于发展的风险因素，解释在transyouth之间参与艾滋病毒相关的风险行为，并确定transyouth之间的艾滋病毒相关的风险行为的保护因素。本研究所要调查、改进和应用的方法对不同人群的MSM和其他边缘化群体的艾滋病毒预防的证据基础至关重要。这个拟议的项目将填补文献中的重要空白，提供第一组因果数据，从一个多样化的，有代表性的样本transyouth解决这一人口面临的挑战和他们拥有的优势，最终干预，以减少艾滋病毒感染。公共卫生相关性：需要采取有效的干预措施，以减少包括变性女青年在内的边缘化男男性行为者感染艾滋病毒的行为风险。我们的目标是确定最有助于变性女青年艾滋病毒风险的因素，并确定可用于针对这一受影响不成比例的社区的干预措施的保护因素。这些研究结果最终将转化为适合于设计在这一人群中预防艾滋病毒的有效干预措施的概念。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究将纵向调查跨性别女性青年的艾滋病毒风险和韧性。最近的研究表明，变性女青年的艾滋病毒感染率很高，但关于这一人口的数据却很少。拟议研究的结果将为根据因果数据和经证实的招募和保留方法制定针对这一人群的干预措施提供信息。