A Parent Intervention for Improving Physical Activity and Diet in Adolescents

改善青少年体力活动和饮食的家长干预

• 批准号: 8441563
• 负责人: Sara Mijares St. George
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8441563
• 关键词: Adolescent; African American; Behavior; Behavior monitoring; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Complex; Consumption; Data; Decision Making; Diet; Eating; Educational process of instructing; Elements; Equilibrium; Family; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fellowship; Focus Groups; Food; Food Patterns; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Health education; Individual; Intervention; Mediating; Mediation; Minority; Monitor; Obesity; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Play; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Role; Self Concept; Self Efficacy; Shapes; Social Environment; Social support; Testing; Youth; base; behavior influence; design; ethnic minority population; fruits and vegetables; good diet; group intervention; improved; innovation; intervention effect; novel; peer; post intervention; prevent; programs; sedentary; social cognitive theory; sugar

The increasing prevalence of obesity in youth has become a public health crisis, especially for minority adolescents. Behaviors that have been shown to be effective in reducing obesity (i.e., sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), diet) in youth are influenced by their parents and peer interactions. Preliminary focus groups conducted by the fellowship candidate suggest that because African American caregivers are engaging in many positive parenting behaviors such as monitoring, expanding these practices to specifically target their adolescent's health behaviors is promising. Previous studies also indicate that parents may play a role in shaping health behaviors by monitoring their own child's behavior in addition to their child's peer relationships. Furthermore, the balance between setting limits and autonomy around health behaviors may be based on a set of interactions in which adolescents and parents collaborate in the decision-making process. While interventions that have sought to improve PA and diet in African American families, few have included parent components around rules and monitoring in adolescents. Furthermore, few have targeted parental management of peer interactions around these behaviors. The purpose of this project is to test the feasibility of a novel 8-week interactive parent intervention that targets parent variables (i.e., rules, autonomy support, monitoring) to facilitate peer interactions which decrease SB and consumption of unhealthy (i.e., high fat, high sugar) foods and increase PA and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in African American adolescents. Seventy adolescents and their caregivers will be randomized to either an interactive parent-based intervention (IPB) or a general health education program (GHE). The IPB intervention is based on Social Cognitive Theory and will target parent variables through 8 weekly sessions designed to teach parents how to further refine their parenting strategies (i.e., rules, autonomy support, monitoring) in order to effectively impact the relationship between peer interactions and adolescent self-efficacy and self-concept specific to SB, PA, and diet. The essential elements of the intervention include: rules, autonomy support, monitoring, peer support, adolescent self-efficacy and self-concept. The GHE program will also include 8 weekly group sessions on general health issues. It is hypothesized that adolescents in the IPB group will demonstrate greater reductions in SB and consumption of high-fat/high sugar foods and greater increases PA and FV consumption compared to those in the GHE group. Similarly, it is hypothesized that caregivers and adolescents will demonstrate greater improvements in parent variables (rules, autonomy support, monitoring) and self-efficacy and self-concept specific to SB, PA, and diet in the IPB intervention compared with caregivers and adolescents in the GHE group at post-intervention, respectively. Finally, this study will explore whether changes in key variables (e.g., peer support, rules, monitoring, and adolescent self-efficacy) may mediate the effect of the intervention on changes in adolescent SB, PA, diet in the IPB group at 8-weeks post-intervention.

青少年肥胖症的日益流行已成为一场公共卫生危机，特别是对于少数族裔青少年而言。已被证明可有效减少青少年肥胖的行为（即久坐行为（SB）、体力活动（PA）、饮食）受到父母和同伴互动的影响。由奖学金候选人进行的初步焦点小组研究表明，由于非裔美国护理人员正在从事许多积极的养育行为，例如监测，因此扩大这些做法以专门针对青少年的健康行为是有希望的。先前的研究还表明，除了孩子的同伴关系之外，父母还可以通过监控自己孩子的行为来塑造健康行为。此外，围绕健康行为设定限制和自主权之间的平衡可能基于青少年和父母在决策过程中合作的一系列互动。虽然旨在改善非裔美国家庭的 PA 和饮食的干预措施，但很少将父母的部分纳入青少年的规则和监测中。此外，很少有人针对这些行为进行家长对同伴互动的管理。该项目的目的是测试一种为期 8 周的新型互动家长干预的可行性，该干预针对家长变量（即规则、自主支持、监控），以促进同伴互动，从而减少非裔美国青少年的 SB 和不健康（即高脂肪、高糖）食品的消费，并增加 PA 和水果和蔬菜 (FV) 的消费。 70 名青少年及其照顾者将被随机分配接受基于家长的互动干预 (IPB) 或一般健康教育计划 (GHE)。 IPB干预以社会认知理论为基础，将通过每周8次的课程来针对父母变量，旨在教导父母如何进一步完善他们的养育策略（即规则、自主支持、监控），以有效影响同伴互动与青少年自我效能和针对SB、PA和饮食的自我概念之间的关系。干预的基本要素包括：规则、自主支持、监控、同伴支持、青少年自我效能和自我概念。 GHE 计划还将包括每周 8 次关于一般健康问题的小组会议。据推测，与 GHE 组相比，IPB 组的青少年将表现出 SB 和高脂肪/高糖食物消耗量的更大减少，以及 PA 和 FV 消耗量的更大增加。同样，我们假设，与干预后 GHE 组的照顾者和青少年相比，IPB 干预中的照顾者和青少年在父母变量（规则、自主支持、监控）以及针对 SB、PA 和饮食的自我效能和自我概念方面将分别表现出更大的改善。最后，本研究将探讨关键变量（例如同伴支持、规则、监测和青少年自我效能）的变化是否可能介导干预对 IPB 组在干预后 8 周青少年 SB、PA、饮食变化的影响。