Administrative Core

行政核心

• 批准号: 8234931
• 负责人: HERBERT W VIRGIN
• 金额: $ 51.29万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8234931
• 关键词: Address; Anthrax disease; Area; Basic Science; Biological; Bioterrorism; Budgets; Child; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Commit; Communities; Complex; Core Facility; Country; DNA Viruses; Dengue; Diagnostic; Disaster Planning; Emergency Situation; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Event; Extramural Activities; Face; Funding; Generations; Goals; Government; Health; Immunology; Individual; Infectious Diseases Research; Institution; International; Iowa; Kansas; Laboratories; Lead; Leadership; Link; Lung diseases; Measures; Mission; Missouri; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Nebraska; Ohio; Pathogenesis; Pneumonic Plague; Polyomavirus; Poxviridae; Process; Public Health; RNA Viruses; Research; Research Design; Research Infrastructure; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Saints; Scientist; Seminal; Services; Terrorism; Therapeutic; Training; Training Programs; Translational Research; Translations; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; United States Public Health Service; Universities; Ursidae Family; Vaccines; Virus; Washington; West Nile virus; Work; authority; biodefense; career; design; interest; investigator training; microbial; new therapeutic target; novel diagnostics; novel therapeutics; pathogen; programs; public health research; response; viral DNA; weapons

Introduction: The events of September 11, 2001, and the deliberate bioterrorism attack with anthrax that followed, led to profound changes in the biologic research and public health agenda of the United States. The recognition that the United States was vulnerable to international terrorism, and the tremendous impact that a relatively limited biologic weapons attack had on the nation, resulted in major changes in the research focus of government, academic, and commercial entities. Ml AID understood that the United States lacked the research capacity and infrastructure to respond to the threat posed by biological weapons and emerging infectious diseases. The Regional Centers for Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research (RCE) program was a central component of the NIAID response to this threat, and was designed to "jumpstart" research in biodefense within each of the 10 public health service regions of the U.S. In 2003, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis University, the University of Missouri, Case Western Reserve University, and the Midwest Research Institute received funding to establish the Midwest Regional Center for Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research (MRCE) to support research on biodefense in Region VII (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska) and parts of Ohio. The goals of the MRCE were consonant with the goals of the RCE program: harness the best scientists in the region for discovery and translational research designed to lead to the next generation of therapeutics, diagnostics and vaccines for biological threats; provide training and career support to create a new generation of scientists working in this field; establish core facilities to support researchers throughout the region; and develop an emergency response plan that can rapidly bring to bear our scientific expertise and research capacity in the event of any new biological threat to the region, the nation or the world. Over the past 5 years the MRCE has made significant progress towards each of those goals, and we will detail our accomplishments in subsequent sections. Given the scope of the program, and our aspirations, it is not surprising that much remains to be done. While the fundamental goals of the MRCE remain the same, this competitive renewal is built upon a research landscape that has been transformed by the RCE program. When we prepared the MRCE proposal 5 years ago, there was strength in basic immunology and in microbial pathogenesis research at the partner institutions, but relatively little was focused on the NIAID priority pathogens. Research collaborations between the MRCE partner institutions did not exist on any substantive level, and even intra-institutional collaborations in this research area were limited. There was no pipeline of young scientists and clinicians interested in research careers in biodefense, and there were no established biosafety training programs within the region. The MRCE now coordinates and supports a vibrant, highly collaborative and closely integrated group that has become the face of biodefense and emerging infectious diseases research throughout most of Region VII. MRCE programs have created a pool of talented young investigators interested in biodefense and emerging infectious diseases research. We have trained nearly 100 individuals to work safely at BSL3, and have educated investigators and public health officials throughout the country. The MRCE has responded to three separate regional emergencies, and has become an integral part of the disaster planning process for a significant part of our region. We have more than doubled the number of participating institutions, and have supported researchers from 10 different academic or industrial organizations. Most importantly, MRCE investigators made seminal basic science and translational discoveries leading to new therapeutic targets for West Nile, Dengue fever, pneumonic plague, Ebola, poxviruses, and a wide sector of RNA and DNA viruses (section A.3). We also initiated a pioneering collaborative effort in pathogen discovery and assessment that led to the recognition of 7 new viruses, one of which (WU polyomavirus), may be an important cause of respiratory disease in children. In our original application 5 years ago, we discussed how one could best assess the impact of a complex and wide ranging program like the MRCE on the research effort in Region VII. We proposed then that the most objective measure would be the change in extramural funding for biodefense and EID research in Region VII (excluding MRCE funds) during the course of the MRCE program. Since 2002, (the baseline pre-MRCE year) total extramural funding for biodefense and EID research (excluding MRCE and regional laboratory allocations) in Region VII has increased more than 2.5 fold, with the greatest increases in 2006 and 2007 despite a flat NIH budget. We believe the MRCE program has had a significant impact on Region VII and the nation, and are committed to continuing this important work.

简介：2001年9月11日的事件，以及蓄意的炭疽生物恐怖主义袭击， 随后，导致了美国生物研究和公共卫生议程的深刻变化。的 他承认美国容易受到国际恐怖主义的影响，以及国际恐怖主义的巨大影响。 相对有限的生物武器攻击对国家的影响，导致研究重点的重大变化， 政府、学术和商业实体。国际开发部明白美国缺乏研究 应对生物武器和新出现的传染病威胁的能力和基础设施 疾病生物防御和新兴传染病研究区域卓越中心 (RCE)该计划是NIAID应对这一威胁的一个核心组成部分，旨在“快速启动” 2003年，华盛顿在美国的10个公共卫生服务区进行了生物防御研究。 圣刘易斯大学、圣刘易斯大学、密苏里州大学、凯斯西储大学、 和中西部研究所获得资金，建立中西部区域中心， 卓越的生物防御和新兴传染病研究（MRCE），以支持研究 第七区（爱荷华州、堪萨斯、密苏里州和内布拉斯加州）和俄亥俄州部分地区的生物防御。MRCE的目标 与RCE计划的目标一致：利用该地区最好的科学家进行发现， 转化研究旨在导致下一代治疗，诊断和疫苗， 生物威胁;提供培训和职业支持，以培养新一代从事这方面工作的科学家。 建立核心设施，以支持整个地区的研究人员;并制定紧急 一个反应计划，可以迅速承担我们的科学专长和研究能力，在任何情况下， 对该地区、国家或世界的新的生物威胁。 在过去的五年里，MRCE在实现这些目标方面取得了重大进展，我们将 在随后的章节中详细介绍我们的成就。考虑到该计划的范围和我们的愿望， 毫不奇怪，仍有许多工作要做。虽然MRCE的基本目标保持不变，但 竞争性更新是建立在一个研究景观，已被RCE计划改变。当 我们在5年前就准备了MRCE提案，在基础免疫学和微生物免疫学方面有优势， 在伙伴机构的发病机制研究，但相对较少的是集中在NIAID优先事项 病原体研究合作伙伴机构之间的研究合作并不存在任何实质性的 在这一研究领域，一级的合作，甚至机构内的合作都很有限。没有管道， 年轻的科学家和临床医生对生物防御的研究事业感兴趣，没有建立 区域内的生物安全培训方案。 MRCE现在协调和支持一个充满活力，高度合作和紧密结合的小组， 成为整个第七区大部分地区生物防御和新兴传染病研究的代言人。 MRCE项目创造了一批对生物防御感兴趣的有才华的年轻研究人员， 传染病研究。我们已经培训了近100人在BSL 3安全工作， 全国各地受过教育的调查人员和公共卫生官员。MRCE回应了三个 已成为一个区域灾害规划进程的一个组成部分， 我们地区的重要组成部分。我们已将参与机构的数目增加一倍以上，并已 支持来自10个不同学术或工业组织的研究人员。最重要的是，MRCE 研究人员进行了开创性的基础科学和转化发现，导致新的治疗目标， 西尼罗河病毒、登革热、肺鼠疫、埃博拉病毒、痘病毒以及广泛的RNA和DNA病毒 （第A.3节）。我们还在病原体发现和评估方面发起了一项开创性的合作努力， 对7种新病毒的识别，其中一种（WU多瘤病毒）可能是呼吸道感染的重要原因。 儿童疾病。 在我们5年前的最初申请中，我们讨论了如何最好地评估一个复杂的 广泛的计划，如MRCE在第七区的研究工作。我们当时提出， 一个客观的衡量标准是第七区生物防御和EID研究的校外资金的变化 （不包括MRCE资金）在MRCE计划的过程中。自2002年以来（MRCE前基线年） 用于生物防御和EID研究的校外资金总额（不包括MRCE和区域实验室拨款） 在第七区，增加了2.5倍以上，尽管NIH持平，但2006年和2007年的增幅最大 预算我们相信MRCE计划对第七区和国家产生了重大影响， 致力于继续这项重要工作。