Gender-Specific Trajectories of Risk Behavior: Substance Abuse and Delinquency

特定性别的危险行为轨迹：药物滥用和犯罪

• 批准号: 8239104
• 负责人: Charlotte Lyn Bright
• 金额: $ 7.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8239104
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adult; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Behavioral; Caregivers; Chicago; Clinical; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Development; Disease; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Family; Female; Frequencies; Gender; Goals; Human Development; Individual; Knowledge; Literature; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Pattern; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; Science; Severities; Sex Characteristics; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Time; Youth; adolescent substance abuse; base; boys; evidence base; family influence; girls; high risk sexual behavior; improved; longitudinal course; male; multilevel analysis; peer; peer influence; response; sex risk; time use

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Among adolescents, substance abuse and delinquency are associated with multiple problematic outcomes, including risky sexual behavior, mental health problems, family conflict, academic disruption, and disordered adult functioning. The longitudinal course and relationship of these risk behaviors has been posited to differ by gender, although little research has investigated gender-specific trajectories of both substance abuse and delinquency and their relationship over time, using a community (rather than clinical or other high-need) sample. Co-occurrence of substance use disorders and delinquency is common, but research focused on the emergence and longitudinal course of these behaviors by gender during adolescence is scant. This study aims to fill knowledge gaps by exploring shared and gender-specific influences (individual, peer, family and neighborhood) on substance abuse, delinquency and their relationship over time. The specific aims of the project are: (1) To identify latent classes describing developmental trajectories of substance abuse and delinquency specific to boys and girls; (2) To identify and examine shared and gender-specific risk and protective factors associated with trajectories of substance abuse and delinquency in boys and girls; and (3) To investigate and compare longitudinal relationships between substance abuse and delinquency in boys and girls in terms of time order and changes in severity, accounting for relationships with predictors. The proposed project utilizes data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), following approximately 1,100 male and 1,100 female youth and their caregivers across multiple years during three waves. Demographic covariates, individual and family risk and protective factors, and peer and neighborhood risk factors will be included in models of adolescent behavior over time. Gender-specific analyses will examine girls and boys separately, to identify heterogeneous patterns of development of substance use and delinquency and relationships. Multilevel models will be estimated to adjust for clustering of data by neighborhood and longitudinally over time. Findings from this study can help inform evidence-based strategies for prevention and intervention of substance abuse and delinquency that are effective for boys and girls. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study will investigate gender differences and similarities in adolescent substance abuse and delinquency, over time. Findings from this study can help inform evidence-based strategies for prevention and intervention efforts to curb risk behavior in boys and girls.

描述（由申请人提供）：在青少年中，药物滥用和犯罪与多种问题结果相关，包括危险的性行为，心理健康问题，家庭冲突，学术中断和成人功能障碍。这些风险行为的纵向过程和关系已被假定为不同的性别，虽然很少有研究调查的性别特定的轨迹药物滥用和犯罪及其关系随着时间的推移，使用社区（而不是临床或其他高需求）的样本。物质使用障碍和犯罪的共同发生是常见的，但研究集中在青春期这些行为的出现和纵向过程中的性别是很少的。本研究的目的是通过探索共同的和性别特异性的影响（个人，同伴，家庭和邻里）对药物滥用，青少年犯罪和他们的关系随着时间的推移，以填补知识空白。该项目的具体目标是：（1）确定 潜在课程，描述男孩和女孩特定的药物滥用和犯罪发展轨迹;（2）识别和检查与男孩和女孩药物滥用和犯罪轨迹相关的共同的和特定性别的风险和保护因素;（3）从时间顺序和严重程度的变化两个方面考察和比较男女儿童物质滥用与犯罪的纵向关系，解释与预测因子的关系。 拟议的项目利用了芝加哥社区人类发展项目（PHDCN）的数据，在三个浪潮中对大约1 100名男性和1 100名女性青年及其照顾者进行了多年的跟踪调查。随着时间的推移，人口统计学协变量，个人和家庭风险和保护因素，以及同伴和邻里风险因素将被纳入青少年行为模型。按性别区分的分析将分别审查女孩和男孩，以查明药物使用和犯罪及关系发展的不同模式。将对多水平模型进行估计，以调整按邻域和纵向随时间推移的数据聚类。这项研究的结果可以帮助为预防和干预对男孩和女孩有效的药物滥用和犯罪的循证战略提供信息。 公共卫生关系：拟议的研究将调查随着时间的推移，青少年药物滥用和犯罪的性别差异和相似性。这项研究的结果可以帮助为预防和干预工作提供基于证据的策略，以遏制男孩和女孩的风险行为。