Emerging Papillomaviruses in Immunosuppressed Dogs

描述（由申请人提供）：犬在实验室医学中发挥着重要作用，从毒理学和药代动力学研究到遗传治疗和骨髓移植。新出现的乳头状瘤病毒感染及其诱发的肿瘤使免疫抑制犬的研究越来越复杂。狗的免疫反应缺陷主要是研究用于治疗皮肤病、神经病和免疫病的新药的结果。此外，骨髓移植的开创性实验也干扰了正常的宿主免疫力，使狗容易感染乳头瘤病毒。为了解决这个问题，我们建议确定负责这些感染的犬乳头瘤病毒，以评估狗被感染的时间，并开发预防性疫苗。我们研究的最终目标是开发疫苗，使研究人员能够在不受严重乳头瘤病毒感染影响的情况下进行医学研究。 公共卫生相关性（申请人提供）：犬为人类疾病研究和药物安全性评价提供了重要的实验室模型。这些科学研究中的许多涉及导致宿主免疫力降低的条件。在这种情况下，狗经常会产生皮肤肿瘤，干扰实验方案的完成。这项资助的目的是确定乳头瘤病毒是否是大多数皮肤肿瘤的原因，如果是，涉及哪些类型的乳头瘤病毒。最后，最重要的目标是开发疫苗，可以用来保护狗免受这种病毒感染，并防止肿瘤的发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dogs play a central role in laboratory medicine, ranging from studies of toxicology and pharmacokinetics to genetic therapy and bone marrow transplantation. Emerging papillomavirus infections and the tumors that they induce are increasingly complicating the study of immunosuppressed dogs. Defective immune responses in dogs are primarily the consequence of studying new drugs for treating dermatologic, neurologic and immunologic diseases. In addition, pioneering experiments on bone marrow transplantation also interfere with normal host immunity and make dogs susceptible to papillomavirus infection. To address this issue, we propose to identify the canine papillomaviruses responsible for these infections, to evaluate the time at which dogs are infected, and to develop prophylactic vaccines. The ultimate goal of our studies is to develop vaccines that will allow investigators to carry out medical research without being compromised by serious papillomavirus infections. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE (provided by applicant): Dogs provide important laboratory models for the study of human disease and for the evaluation of drug safety. Many of these scientific investigations involve conditions that result in reduced host immunity. Under such conditions, dogs often develop skin tumors that interfere with the completion of the experimental protocol. The goal of this grant is to define whether papillomaviruses are responsible for most of these skin tumors and, if they are, what types of papillomaviruses are involved. Finally, the most important goal is to develop vaccines that can be used to protect the dogs against this viral infection and to prevent the development of tumors.