Risk-Taking in Adolescent Girls: Multi-Level Interactive Mechanisms

青春期女孩的冒险行为：多层次互动机制

• 批准号: 8313722
• 负责人: Stephanie Lynne Cardoos
• 金额: $ 3.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8313722
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Biological; Brain; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Commit; Complex; Consultations; Crime; Dangerous Behavior; Development; Disease; Early treatment; Emotional; Esthesia; Estrogens; Evaluation; Exhibits; Experimental Designs; Face; Female; Female Adolescents; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Health; Hormonal; Hormonal Change; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Methodology; Modeling; Oxytocin; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Prevention; Process; Puberty; Public Health; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Sex Characteristics; Sexual Partners; Social Environment; Social Facilitation; Staging; Statistical Methods; Substance abuse problem; System; Teenagers; Testosterone; Time; Training; Unplanned pregnancy; Violence; Work; addiction; automobile accident; base; binge drinking; biological research; boys; clinically significant; cognitive control; contextual factors; girls; intervention program; multidisciplinary; peer; peer influence; programs; psychologic; relating to nervous system; responsible research conduct; reward circuitry; social; social neuroscience; stressor; substance abuse prevention; symposium; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many risky behaviors occur with higher frequency in adolescence than in any other stage of life--teens are more likely to binge drink, have casual sex partners, engage in violent behavior, commit crimes, and be involved in serious automobile accidents than either children or adults. Clearly, this adolescent surge in risky dangerous behavior is an important public health concern. Moreover, some antecedent risk factors and consequences are unique to girls. For example, pubertal maturation begins earlier in girls than boys, the specific hormonal changes at puberty differ for girls and boys, some of the psychological and social stressors that contribute to substance abuse and sexual risk-taking appear different, and some negative consequences (such as unplanned pregnancy) are unique to females. Thus, the proposed program of research seeks to clarify the ways in which individual and contextual factors interact to predict risk-taking in adolescent girls. Based on a social neuroscience perspective of adolescent risk-taking, the specific aims of this multi-level project are to (1) investigate the role of sensation seeking in explaining the relationship between pubertal maturation and risk-taking behavior in girls; (2) understand the role of pubertal maturation in influencing girls' sensitivity to social context and resulting risk-taking behavior; nd (3) examine the influence of sensation seeking on girls' risk-taking behavior given the social context. An experimental design will be utilized to examine the research questions within the context of a larger interdisciplinary project. Long-term goals include examining sex differences, longitudinally investigating risk-taking trajectories in multiple domains, exploring hormonal and socio-emotional mechanisms, and developing behavioral methodology to understand complex causal processes. This program of research has major implications for the prevention of substance abuse, sexual risk-taking, and other harmful risky behaviors. A deeper more mechanistic understanding of the interactions between biological, behavioral, and social context interactions leading to risk-taking could provide targets for early intervention programs aimed specifically at girls at particular windows of maturation. The proposed program of research will be enriched through courses in adolescent health, cognitive development, substance abuse, advanced statistical methods, and the responsible conduct of research, as well as multidisciplinary consultations and conference presentations. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Many types of risky behaviors occur with higher frequency in adolescence than in any other stage of life, and teens are more likely to binge drink, have casual sex partners, engage in violent behavior, commit crimes, and be involved in serious automobile accidents than either children or adults. This program of research seeks to clarify the ways in which individual and contextual factors interact to predict risk-taking in adolescent girls, who may face unique types of vulnerabilities to the negative effects of risk-taking such as addiction and unplanned teen pregnancy. This program of research has significant implications for the prevention of substance abuse, sexual risk-taking, and other harmful risky behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：许多危险行为发生在青春期的频率高于生命的任何其他阶段-青少年更容易酗酒，有随意的性伴侣，从事暴力行为，犯罪，并参与严重的汽车事故比儿童或成人。显然，青少年危险行为的激增是一个重要的公共卫生问题。此外，一些先前的风险因素和后果是女孩独有的。例如，女孩的青春期成熟开始得比男孩早，女孩和男孩青春期的具体激素变化不同，导致药物滥用和性冒险的一些心理和社会压力似乎不同，一些负面后果（如意外怀孕）是女性独有的。因此，拟议的研究计划旨在澄清个人和背景因素相互作用的方式来预测少女的冒险行为。基于社会神经科学对青少年冒险行为的研究视角，本研究的具体目标是：（1）探讨感觉寻求在解释青春期成熟与女孩冒险行为之间的关系中的作用;（2）了解青春期成熟在影响女孩对社会环境的敏感性和由此产生的冒险行为中的作用;（3）在社会情境中考察感觉寻求对女孩冒险行为的影响。一个实验设计将被用来检查一个更大的跨学科项目的背景下的研究问题。长期目标包括检查性别差异，纵向调查多个领域的冒险轨迹，探索荷尔蒙和社会情绪机制，并开发行为方法来理解复杂的因果过程。这项研究计划对预防药物滥用、性冒险和其他有害的危险行为具有重大意义。对导致冒险行为的生物、行为和社会背景相互作用之间的相互作用有更深入、更机械的理解，可以为专门针对处于特定成熟期的女孩的早期干预计划提供目标。拟议的研究计划将通过青少年健康，认知发展，药物滥用，先进的统计方法和负责任的研究行为，以及多学科咨询和会议演示等课程来丰富。 公共卫生相关性：许多类型的危险行为发生在青春期的频率高于生命的任何其他阶段，青少年更有可能酗酒，有临时性伴侣，从事暴力行为，犯罪，并参与严重的汽车事故比儿童或成人。这项研究计划旨在澄清个人和背景因素相互作用的方式，以预测少女的冒险行为，少女可能面临独特类型的脆弱性，对冒险行为的负面影响，如成瘾和意外少女怀孕。这项研究计划对预防药物滥用，性冒险和其他有害的危险行为具有重要意义。