Neural Bases of Verb-Argument Processing

动词论元处理的神经基础

• 批准号: 8297054
• 负责人: Michael Walsh Dickey
• 金额: $ 32.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8297054
• 关键词: Adult; Anterior; Aphasia; Area; Base of the Brain; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cereals; Cerebral hemisphere; Communication impairment; Comprehension; Consensus; Data; Dorsal; Event; Eye Movements; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hearing; Impairment; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Left; Lesion; Measures; Methods; Monitor; Output; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Plant Roots; Play; Process; Property; Reading; Recruitment Activity; Research; Role; Semantics; Stream; System; Testing; Ursidae Family; Visual; Work; base; combinatorial; drinking; hemisphere damage; improved; language processing; novel; object recognition; parallel processing; relating to nervous system; research study; semantic processing; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although we know a great deal about language comprehension, we know much less about how it is implemented in the brain. This proposal tests two hypotheses about how verbs and their arguments (e.g. their subjects and objects) are processed in the brain, which have important implications for which aspects of verb-argument processing might be preserved vs. impaired among adults with aphasia. This research has three aims: (1) To increase our understanding of the multiple brain systems that work together to accomplish verb-argument processing, and how their situation in the brain might relate to their different functions (coarse- vs. fine-grained processing; prediction vs. integration); (2) To test our hypotheses' predictions that adults with aphasia will be less likely to predict upcoming words in general, but will still generate a special class of argument-specific predictions if they have a undamaged right hemisphere (RH) or posterior left hemisphere (LH); and (3) To understand the consequences that distributing language processing across multiple brain systems has on verb-argument comprehension. The proposal includes five experiments. Experiment 1 will test the localization of the brain systems underlying the prediction of likely event participants and arguments by comparing the performance of participants with aphasia due to LH damage (either anterior only or extending to posterior areas) to that of unimpaired participants in a visual world experiment. Experiment 2 will use this paradigm to test whether predictions for arguments vs. likely event participants have different properties and are generated by different brain systems. Experiments 3 will monitor the eye movements of both unimpaired adults and adults with aphasia while they are reading to determine which brain systems are quickly sensitive to impossible arguments, in order to test our hypothesis that there are semantically vacuous argument-specific predictions that can be satisfied by any word that results in a possible event interpretation. Experiment 4 will use the same method to investigate whether there is competition between the output of the different brain systems recruited during verb-argument comprehension. Experiment 5 gathers fMRI data from unimpaired participants to provide converging evidence regarding the localization of predictions for arguments and likely event participants and the interpretation of verb- argument combinations. The overarching goal of this work is to improve our understanding of the neurolinguistic processes underlying verb-argument processing and their impairment following brain damage. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project tests competing hypotheses regarding the way verb-argument interpretation is accomplished by the brain, and how this is impaired in adults with aphasia. The results of this work will help resolve controversies about how people determine what sentences mean while they are reading/hearing them. It will also help guide new strategies for measuring and rehabilitating verb-related language problems in brain-based communication disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管我们对语言理解非常了解，但我们对在大脑中的实施方式了解少得多。该提案检验了两个关于动词及其论点（例如它们的主题和对象）如何处理的假设，这些假设在大脑中处理了重要的含义，这对动词折算的处理的各个方面可能被保留在患有失语症的成年人中。这项研究具有三个目的：（1）我们对共同完成动词的多个大脑系统的理解，以及他们在大脑中的状况如何与其不同功能相关（粗粒与细粒度的处理；预测与整合）； （2）为了检验我们的假设的预测，即失语症的成年人通常不太可能预测即将到来的单词，但如果他们患有未损坏的右半球或左后半球（LH），他们仍然会产生特殊的特定论证预测。 （3）了解在多个大脑系统中分发语言处理对动词题词理解的后果。 该提案包括五个实验。实验1将通过比较因LH损害而导致失语症的参与者的表现（仅前部或延伸到后部区域）与视觉世界中未受影响的参与者的表现，从而测试可能事件参与者的大脑系统的定位和参与者的预测。 实验。实验2将使用此范式来测试参数与可能事件参与者是否具有不同属性的预测，并且由不同的大脑系统产生。实验3将在阅读过程中监测失语症的不受影响的成年人和成年人的眼睛运动，以确定哪些大脑系统对不可能的论点迅速敏感，以检验我们的假设，即在语义上有些空虚的参数特定预测，这些预测都可以通过任何可能导致可能发生的解释来满足任何单词来满足。实验4将使用相同的方法来研究动词题词理解过程中募集的不同大脑系统的输出之间是否存在竞争。实验5收集来自未受损参与者的fMRI数据，以提供有关论证和可能事件参与者预测的定位以及动词参数组合的解释的融合证据。这项工作的总体目的是提高我们对动词题为处理的神经语言过程的理解及其在脑损伤后其损害的理解。 公共卫生相关性：该项目对大脑的动词解释方式进行了竞争假设，以及在失语症的成年人中如何损害这一点。这项工作的结果将有助于解决有关人们在阅读/聆听时如何确定句子含义的争议。它还将有助于指导新的策略，以衡量和修复基于大脑的沟通障碍中与动词相关的语言问题。