Sex Differences and Progesterone Effects on Impulsivity and Smoking Cessation

与男性相比，女性与吸烟相关的发病率和死亡率更高。性 在动物和临床文献中，激素都被认为对成瘾性有影响 行为。在有关烟草使用的临床文献中，我们与其他人的工作表明，黄体 阶段(高孕酮)与吸烟相关症状的减少和改善有关 戒烟结果。这些数据表明黄体酮(PRO)可能会促进吸烟。 停止。冲动是另一个可能影响吸烟行为的因素，因为吸烟者通常 比不吸烟的人更冲动。此外，在那些试图戒烟的人中，那些复发的人 更高水平的冲动。有趣的是，临床数据表明冲动和 吸烟行为可能因性别而异。此外，来自动物文献的数据表明，PRO可能会减少 冲动的行为。因此，这个项目的目标是研究亲、冲动之间的相互作用 在戒烟方面存在性别差异。具体地说，我们的主要目标是调查 外源性PRO与安慰剂在冲动和戒烟方面的比较。我们将解决 这一具体目的是通过进行一项包括女性和男性的双盲随机戒烟试验 吸烟者被随机分为一组，要么是积极的吸烟者，要么是安慰剂组。该设计(与项目II并行)提供了 独一无二的机会来描述性别差异和戒烟的有利影响。如果我们的假设是 经证实，这项研究的结果可以直接推动有关性激素在 上瘾的行为。此外，这项研究有可能为新的和创新的戒烟提供信息。 通过传递外源激素进行干预治疗。 相关性(请参阅说明)： 尽管做了很多努力，但目前还没有高度有效的批准药物来直接治疗糖尿病 可卡因和尼古丁依赖。该SCOR将开展跨学科和翻译性调查 识别针对尼古丁和可卡因依赖者受损行为的药物干预 受试者旨在提高现有成瘾行为治疗的有效性。

Compared to men, women are at an increased risk of smoking-related morbidity and mortality. Sex hormones have been implicated in both the animal and clinical literature as having an effect on addictive behaviors. In clinical literature on tobacco use, our work along with others has demonstrated that the luteal phase (high progesterone) is associated with decreased smoking-related symtomatology and improved smoking cessation outcomes. These data suggest that progesterone (PRO) may enhance smoking cessation. Impulsivity is another factor that may impact smoking behavior as smokers are typically more impulsive than non-smokers. Further, among those who attempt to quit smoking, those who relapse have higher levels of impulsivity. Interestingly, clinical data indicates the association between impulsivity and smoking behavior may vary by sex. Further, data from the animal literature suggest that PRO may reduce impulsive behavior. Therefore, the objective of this project is to examine the interplay of PRO, impulsivity and sex differences in smoking cessation. Specifically, our primary aim is to investigate sex differences in the effect of exogenous PRO compared to placebo on impulsivity and smoking cessation. We will address this specific aim by conducting a double-blind randomized smoking cessation trial including female and male smokers randomized into one to either active or placebo PRO. The design (paralleling Project II) provides a unique opportunity to delineate sex differences and PRO effects in smoking cessation. If our hypotheses are confirmed, the results of this study could directiy advance the literature on the role of sex hormones in addictive behaviors. Further, this study has the potential to inform new and innovative smoking cessation intervention treatments via the delivery of exogenous hormones. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Despite much effort, there are not yet highly effective approved medications for the direct treatment of cocaine and nicotine dependence. This SCOR will carry out interdisciplinary and translational investigations to identify pharmacological interventions targeting behaviors impaired in nicotine and cocaine dependent subjects to enhance the effectiveness of existing behavioral treatments for addiction.